From Here to Equality
From Here to Equality
复制标题
从这里到平等
DOI：
10.5149/northcarolina/9781469654973.001.0001
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
A. Mullen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Darity;A. Mullen
种族主义和歧视几乎处处扼杀了非洲裔美国人的经济机会。在几个历史性的时刻，种族不平等的轨迹本可以得到戏剧性的改变。也许没有比重建初期更合适的时机了，当时美国政府暂时将土地从前奴隶主重新分配给新解放的奴隶。但是，重建、新政和民权斗争都没有带来一个经济公正和公平的国家。今天，系统性的不平等仍然存在，表现为住房歧视、教育不平等、警察暴行、大规模监禁、就业歧视以及巨大的财富和机会差距。经济数据表明，白人家庭平均每拥有1美元的财富，黑人家庭平均只拥有10美分。
Racism and discrimination have choked economic opportunity for African Americans at nearly every turn. At several historic moments, the trajectory of racial inequality could have been altered dramatically. Perhaps no moment was more opportune than the early days of Reconstruction, when the U.S. government temporarily implemented a major redistribution of land from former slaveholders to the newly emancipated enslaved. But neither Reconstruction nor the New Deal nor the civil rights struggle led to an economically just and fair nation. Today, systematic inequality persists in the form of housing discrimination, unequal education, police brutality, mass incarceration, employment discrimination, and massive wealth and opportunity gaps. Economic data indicates that for every dollar the average white household holds in wealth the average black household possesses a mere ten cents.
In From Here to Equality, William Darity Jr. and A. Kirsten Mullen confront these injustices head-on and make the most comprehensive case to date for economic reparations for U.S. descendants of slavery. After opening the book with a stark assessment of the intergenerational effects of white supremacy on black economic well-being, Darity and Mullen look to both the past and the present to measure the inequalities borne of slavery. Using innovative methods that link monetary values to historical wrongs, they next assess the literal and figurative costs of justice denied in the 155 years since the end of the Civil War. Finally, Darity and Mullen offer a detailed roadmap for an effective reparations program, including a substantial payment to each documented U.S. black descendant of slavery. Taken individually, any one of the three eras of injustice outlined by Darity and Mullen--slavery, Jim Crow, and modern-day discrimination--makes a powerful case for black reparations. Taken collectively, they are impossible to ignore.