Democrats and Republicans Can Be Differentiated from Their Faces
Democrats and Republicans Can Be Differentiated from Their Faces
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0008733
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发表时间：
2010-01-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ambady, Nalini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rule, Nicholas O.;Ambady, Nalini
背景：个人的面孔传达了大量关于他们的信息。虽然这些信息中的一些往往是明显的感知（如种族和性别），它是模糊的感知，没有明确或明显的视觉cuses.Methodology/主要结果：在这里，我们发现，个人的政治派别可以准确地从他们的脸辨别。在研究1中，感知者能够准确地区分U。S.根据他们的面部照片，参议院候选人要么是民主党人，要么是共和党人。第二项研究表明，这些影响延伸到民主党和共和党的大学生，根据他们的毕业年鉴照片。研究3表明，这些判断与民主党人和共和党人的面部特征的差异有关。共和党人被认为比民主党人更强大。此外，由于个人目标被认为更强大，他们更有可能被其他人视为共和党人。同样，当个人目标被认为是温暖的，他们更有可能被视为民主党人。结论/意义：这些数据表明，知觉者对谁是民主党人和共和党人的信念可能是基于对与这两个政党有关的刻板印象的看法，事实上，这些刻板印象的引导可能会导致对他人政治派别的分类比随机猜测的准确率高得多。
Background: Individuals' faces communicate a great deal of information about them. Although some of this information tends to be perceptually obvious (such as race and sex), much of it is perceptually ambiguous, without clear or obvious visual cues.Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we found that individuals' political affiliations could be accurately discerned from their faces. In Study 1, perceivers were able to accurately distinguish whether U. S. Senate candidates were either Democrats or Republicans based on photos of their faces. Study 2 showed that these effects extended to Democrat and Republican college students, based on their senior yearbook photos. Study 3 then showed that these judgments were related to differences in perceived traits among the Democrat and Republican faces. Republicans were perceived as more powerful than Democrats. Moreover, as individual targets were perceived to be more powerful, they were more likely to be perceived as Republicans by others. Similarly, as individual targets were perceived to be warmer, they were more likely to be perceived as Democrats.Conclusions/Significance: These data suggest that perceivers' beliefs about who is a Democrat and Republican may be based on perceptions of traits stereotypically associated with the two political parties and that, indeed, the guidance of these stereotypes may lead to categorizations of others' political affiliations at rates significantly more accurate than chance guessing.