Direct Detection of RDX Vapor Using a Conjugated Polymer Network
Direct Detection of RDX Vapor Using a Conjugated Polymer Network
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DOI：
10.1021/ja402668e
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发表时间：
2013-06-05
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Dichtel, William R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gopalakrishnan, Deepti;Dichtel, William R.
1，3，5-三硝基-1，3，5-三嗪(RDX)是用于恐怖主义行为和简易爆炸装置等的塑料炸药的主要成分。检测RDX的方法与不需要预浓缩策略的远程“隔离”采样兼容，例如机场通常使用的棉签，将有利于军事和民用安全。这种检测仍然是一个巨大的挑战，因为RDX的挥发性比1，3，5-三硝基甲苯(TNT)低10(3)，相当于环境条件下的万亿分之一蒸汽压。因此，尽管共轭聚合物的荧光猝灭对TNT蒸气的检测足够敏感，但RDX蒸气的检测还没有得到证实。在这里，我们报道了一种交联型苯乙撑聚合物网络，它的荧光被从溶液或汽相引入的微量RDX猝灭。当使用部分降解的RDX时，荧光猝灭减少，但仍然显著，这表明聚合物对RDX本身有反应。聚合物网络对类似地从溶液或汽相引入的TNT和PETN也有响应。纯溶剂、挥发胺和口红或防晒霜散发出的气体不会熄灭聚合物的荧光。基于荧光猝灭的TNT传感器已取得的成功使其成为现实世界中爆炸传感器感兴趣的材料，并将激发人们对用于传感应用的交联聚合物和框架材料的进一步兴趣。
1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) is a principal component of plastic explosives used in acts of terrorism and within improvised explosive devices, among others. Approaches to detect RDX compatible with remote, "stand-off" sampling that do not require preconcentration strategies, such as the swabs commonly employed in airports, will benefit military and civilian security. Such detection remains a significant challenge because RDX is 10(3) less volatile than 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT), corresponding to a parts-pertrillion vapor pressure under ambient conditions. Therefore, while fluorescence quenching of conjugated polymers is sufficiently sensitive to detect TNT vapors, RDX vapor detection is undemonstrated. Here we report a cross-linked phenylene vinylene polymer network whose fluorscence is quenched by trace amounts of RDX introduced from solution or the vapor phase. Fluorescence quenching is reduced, but remains significant, when partially degraded RDX is employed, suggesting that the polymer responds to RDX itself. The polymer network also responds to TNT and PETN similarly introduced from solution or the vapor phase. Pure solvents, volatile amines, and the outgassed vapors from lipstick or sunscreen do not quench polymer fluorscence. The established success of TNT sensors based on fluorescence quenching makes this a material of interest for real-world explosive sensors and will motivate further interest in cross-linked polymers and framework materials for sensing applicaitons.