Non Communicable Disease Risk Factors and their Trends in India
Non Communicable Disease Risk Factors and their Trends in India
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DOI：
10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.7.2005
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发表时间：
2017-07-27
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mehrotra, Ravi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nethan, Suzanne;Sinha, Dhirendra;Mehrotra, Ravi
背景：印度是一个人口约13亿的国家。在印度，非传染性疾病（NCDs）导致的死亡人数约为587万（60%）。因此，本文的目标是找到关于不同非传染性疾病风险因素覆盖率的基线信息，并确定其在印度的趋势。方法：检索PubMed、谷歌和不同的监测系统。在检索结果中，41篇论文/调查报告最终被评估为合格。研究纳入了具有世界卫生组织（世卫组织）指标定义、涵盖农村和城市人口的关于非传染性疾病风险因素（心血管疾病、慢性呼吸道疾病、癌症和糖尿病等主要非传染性疾病）的国家和州代表性数据。之后，将各邦人口比例相加并除以印度总人口，以确定调查中每个风险因素的人口覆盖率百分比。此外，还比较了定期调查的旧数据和当前数据，以评估流行趋势。结果：印度的各种国家/邦级调查包括单个或多个风险因素。烟草使用、饮酒、血压升高、超重和肥胖在全国范围内都可以得到覆盖。定期全国家庭健康调查提供了2005- 2016年期间15-49岁成年人中选定危险因素的信息。在同一时期，超重和肥胖的总体人数显著增加，而吸烟和饮酒的人数则有所下降。从GATS 1（2009-10）到2(2016-17)，印度的烟草消费流行率也有所下降。结论：印度对非传染性疾病风险因素监测的反应非常迟缓，信息零星且不完整。为了提高信息的全面性，必须在正在进行的调查中纳入标准的世卫组织非传染性疾病风险因素问题。印度还应该计划成本和时间效益的监控系统。
Background: India is a populous country of about 1.3 billion. Non communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute toaround 5.87 million (60%) of all deaths in India. Hence, the objectives of this paper are to find baseline informationon different NCD risk factors coverage and to determine their trends in India. Methods: For this systematic review,PubMed, Google and different surveillance systems were searched. Of the search results, 41 papers/survey reports wereeventually assessed for eligibility. National and state representative data on NCD risk factors (for the major NCDs likecardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory disease, cancer and diabetes) having World Health Organization(WHO)indicator definitions, covering rural and urban population, were included in the study. Thereafter, state-wise populationproportion was added and divided by the total Indian population to determine the percentage of population coverage foreach risk factor by the surveys. Also, the old and current data of the periodic surveys were compared to assess prevalencetrends. Results: Various national/state level surveys in India include single or multiple risk factors. Nationwide coverageis available for tobacco use, alcohol drinking, raised blood pressure and overweight and obesity. Periodic NationalFamily Health Surveys provide information on selected risk factors during 2005-16 among adults aged 15-49 years.An overall significant increase was noted in overweight and obesity while decline was noted in tobacco and alcoholuse during the same period. From GATS 1 (2009-10) to 2 (2016-17) also, the prevalence of tobacco consumptiondecreased in India. Conclusion: India has a much delayed response on NCD risk factors surveillance and informationof the same are sporadic and incomplete. In order to increase information comprehensiveness, standard WHO NCDrisk factors questions must be incorporated in the ongoing surveys. India should also plan for cost and time effectiveNCD surveillance system.