SOCIAL FACILITATION OF THE SPONTANEOUS MEAL SIZE OF HUMANS OCCURS REGARDLESS OF TIME, PLACE, ALCOHOL OR SNACKS
SOCIAL FACILITATION OF THE SPONTANEOUS MEAL SIZE OF HUMANS OCCURS REGARDLESS OF TIME, PLACE, ALCOHOL OR SNACKS
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DOI：
10.1016/0195-6663(90)90042-7
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发表时间：
1990-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
OROZCO, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DECASTRO, JM;BREWER, EM;OROZCO, S
人类在自发摄入的食物中所吃的量与在场的其他人的数量呈正相关。这可能是由于社会促进或可能产生的第三个因素产生的协变的假象。研究人员支付78名成年人7天的日记，记录他们摄入的所有食物、摄入的时间和地点以及在场的其他人的数量，研究了进食时间和地点、酒精摄入量和零食/膳食摄入量可能产生的协变。结果表明，虽然存在协方差，但它们不能解释社会相关性。分别在早餐、午餐和晚餐期间，在餐馆、家里和其他地方，在饮酒或不饮酒的情况下，以及仅吃零食或仅吃饭的情况下，发现用餐量与其他人的数量之间存在强、正和显著的相关性。结果表明，这种相关性是由饮食的真正社会促进作用产生的，并且这种促进作用是饮食的重要决定因素，无论是否与膳食、零食或膳食一起摄入酒精，也无论何时何地食用。
The amount eaten by humans in spontaneously ingested meals is positively correlated with the number of other people present. This could be due to a social facilitation or may be produced as an artifact of a covariation produced by a third factor. Possible covariations produced by time and location of eating, alcohol intake, and snack/meal ingestion were investigated by paying 78 adult humans to maintain 7-day diaries of everything they ingested, when and where they ingested it, and the number of other people present. The results demonstrate that, although the covariances exist, they could not account for the social correlation. Strong, positive and significant correlations between meal size and the number of other people present were found separately for meals eaten during the breakfast period, the lunch period and the dinner period, eaten in restaurants, at home and elsewhere, eaten accompanied by alcohol intake or without alcohol, and for only snacks or only meals. The results suggest that the correlation results from a true social facilitation of eating and that this facilitation is an important determinant of eating regardless of whether alcohol is ingested with the meal, a snack or a meal is eaten and regardless of when or where it is eaten.