On the validity and utility of discriminating among impulsivity-like traits
On the validity and utility of discriminating among impulsivity-like traits
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DOI：
10.1177/1073191106295527
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Spillane, Nichea S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Gregory T.;Fischer, Sarah;Spillane, Nichea S.
精确区分相关人格结构的能力有助于阐明理论并提高临床评估的实用性。在三项研究中，作者评估了四种类似冲动特征之间的区别有效性：寻求感觉、缺乏计划、缺乏毅力和紧迫感（痛苦时鲁莽行事）。因素分析表明，缺乏计划和缺乏坚持是一个更广泛特征的两个不同方面，而紧迫感和寻求感觉彼此之间以及与计划/坚持措施的相关性都非常有限。作者对每种特征和多特征、多方法矩阵进行了访谈评估，结果表明结构之间具有明显的收敛和判别有效性。它们之间的区别很有用：这些特征解释了危险行为的不同方面。寻求刺激似乎与从事危险行为的频率有关，而紧迫性似乎与参与这些行为的问题程度有关。
The ability to make precise distinctions among related personality constructs helps clarify theory and increases the utility of clinical assessment. In three studies, the authors evaluated the validity of distinctions among four impulsivity-like traits: sensation seeking, lack of planning, lack of persistence, and urgency (acting rashly when distressed). Factor analyses indicated that lack of planning and lack of persistence are two distinct facets of one broader trait, whereas urgency and sensation seeking are both very modestly related to each other and to the planning/persistence measures. The authors developed interview assessments of each, and multitrait, multimethod matrix results indicated clear convergent and discriminant validity among the constructs. The distinctions among them were useful: The traits accounted for different aspects of risky behaviors. Sensation seeking appeared to relate to the frequency of engaging in risky behaviors, and urgency appeared to relate to problem levels of involvement in those behaviors.