BASTA: A 95-GHz FMCW Doppler Radar for Cloud and Fog Studies
BASTA: A 95-GHz FMCW Doppler Radar for Cloud and Fog Studies
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DOI：
10.1175/jtech-d-15-0104.1
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Dupont, Jean-Charles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delanoe, Julien;Protat, Alain;Dupont, Jean-Charles
多普勒云雷达是描述云和雾特性并改善其在模型中的表现的惊人工具。然而，商用云雷达（35和95GHz）仍然非常昂贵，这阻碍了它们的广泛部署。这项研究提出了一个低成本的半业务95 GHz多普勒云雷达称为双基地雷达系统的大气研究（BASTA）的发展。为了大幅降低仪器的成本，与传统的脉冲雷达相比，使用了不同的方法：而不是在很短的时间内（作为脉冲）传输大量的能量，而是连续传输较低的能量。通过使用特定的信号处理技术，该雷达可以挑战昂贵的雷达，并提供高质量的云和雾测量。该仪器的最新版本在1公里处的3秒积分灵敏度约为250 dBZ，垂直分辨率为25米。BASTA雷达目前在具体应用中使用四种连续模式：12.5米垂直分辨率模式专用于雾和低云，25米模式用于对流层中层液态云和冰云，100米和200米模式是光学薄高层冰云的理想模式。这种雷达的校准程序和现场操作的优点也被强调。该雷达配备了一套专门用于云和雾研究的产品。例如，提供了云掩模、校正的多普勒速度以及结合高灵敏度模式和高分辨率模式的多模式产品。
Doppler cloud radars are amazing tools to characterize cloud and fog properties and to improve their representation in models. However, commercially available cloud radars (35 and 95GHz) are still very expensive, which hinders their widespread deployment. This study presents the development of a lower-cost semioperational 95-GHz Doppler cloud radar called the Bistatic Radar System for Atmospheric Studies (BASTA). To drastically reduce the cost of the instrument, a different approach is used compared to traditional pulsed radars: instead of transmitting a large amount of energy for a very short time period (as a pulse), a lower amount of energy is transmitted continuously. By using a specific signal processing technique, the radar can challenge expensive radars and provide high-quality measurements of cloud and fog. The latest version of the instrument has a sensitivity of about 250 dBZ at 1 km for 3-s integration and a vertical resolution of 25 m. The BASTA radar currently uses four successive modes for specific applications: the 12.5-m vertical resolution mode is dedicated to fog and low clouds, the 25-m mode is for liquid and ice midtropospheric clouds, and the 100- and 200-m modes are ideal for optically thin high-level ice clouds. The advantages of such a radar for calibration procedures and field operations are also highlighted. The radar comes with a set of products dedicated to cloud and fog studies. For instance, cloud mask, corrected Doppler velocity, and multimode products combining the high-sensitivity mode and high-resolution modes are provided.