Discourse structure and relative clause processing
Discourse structure and relative clause processing
复制标题
语篇结构和关系从句处理
作者：
W. Mak;W. Vonk;H. Schriefers
对几种语言的研究表明，主语关系从句比宾语关系从句更容易处理。Mak， Vonk和Schriefers（2006）提出了话题性假设来解释对主语关系从句的偏好。这一假设认为，关系从句中最有话题价值的实体将被选为主语。默认情况下，关系从句的先行词将被选为关系从句的主语，因为它是关系从句的主题。然而，当关系从句中的名词短语也具有话题性时，对先行词为主语的偏好就会消失。这在两个实验中得到了证实。在实验1中，我们测试了在关系从句中使用人称代词的关系从句。我们获得了宾语关系从句的偏好，这与人称代词指代话语主题的假设相一致，因此具有话题价值。实验2对关系从句中NP的语篇地位进行了操纵；它要么不存在于前面的上下文中，要么就是话语主题。实验表明，当关系从句中的NP指向语篇主题时，即使在关系从句本身没有任何明确提示的情况下，与话语中新出现的NP的关系从句相比，宾语关系从句的难度也降低了。实验表明，语篇因素在句子层面上对加工具有指导作用。
Studies in several languages have shown that subject-relative clauses are easier to process than object-relative clauses. Mak, Vonk, and Schriefers (2006) have proposed the topichood hypothesis to account for the preference for subject-relative clauses. This hypothesis claims that the entity in the relative clause that is most topicworthy will be chosen as the subject. By default, the antecedent of the relative clause will be chosen as the subject of the relative clause, because it is the topic of the relative clause. However, when the noun phrase (NP) in the relative clause is also topicworthy, the preference for the antecedent to be the subject will disappear. This was confirmed in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we tested relative clauses with a personal pronoun in the relative clause. We obtained a preference for object-relative clauses, in line with the assumption that personal pronouns refer to a discourse topic and are thus topicworthy. In Experiment 2, the discourse status of the NP in the relative clause was manipulated; either it was not present in the preceding context, or it was the discourse topic. The experiment showed that when the NP in the relative clause refers to the discourse topic, the difficulty of object-relative clauses is reduced, in comparison with relative clauses with an NP that is new in the discourse, even in the absence of any explicit cue in the relative clause itself. The experiments show that discourse factors guide processing at the sentence level.
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.21.3.785
发表时间：
1995-05
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
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作者：
A. Pollatsek;A. Well
通讯作者：
A. Pollatsek;A. Well