Alleviating water scarcity and poverty in drylands through telecouplings: Vegetable trade and tourism in northwest China
Alleviating water scarcity and poverty in drylands through telecouplings: Vegetable trade and tourism in northwest China
复制标题
通过远程耦合缓解旱地缺水和贫困：中国西北地区的蔬菜贸易和旅游
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140387
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Liu Jianguo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yao Yingying;Sun Jing;Tian Yong;Zheng Chunmiao;Liu Jianguo
水资源短缺和贫困是全球面临的最重大挑战之一，尤其是在世界干旱地区。许多国家一直在努力应对这些挑战。在基础设施建设（如高速铁路）和服务业发展（如酒店和度假村）的推动下，远程耦合（远距离的人与自然互动，如蔬菜贸易和旅游业）有望缓解水资源短缺和贫困，并得到了中国中央政府的大力支持。然而，这些远程耦合在多大程度上可以节约用水和减少贫困仍然不清楚，需要量化。利用综合水文模型、作物生长模型和多种社会经济数据的模拟结果，利用综合考虑水资源和贫困的综合指数，对2000 - 2012年中国西北大型干旱区黑河流域的水资源稀缺性进行了评价，并评估了蔬菜贸易和旅游业对水资源稀缺性和收入的影响。我们的研究结果表明，蔬菜贸易贡献了总节水量的30%，为农村居民带来了33%的额外收入。通过不断扩大的市场，旅游业的节水贡献从2000年占总用水量的1%增加到2012年的22%。我们的研究结果还表明，未来的水资源可持续性是由气候因素和社会因素决定的，如人口、经济、政策和技术发展。我们的研究提供了对中国西北地区的见解，并可用于世界干旱地区的开发，以更好地管理自然资源和减少贫困。
Water scarcity and poverty are among the most significant global challenges, especially in the world's arid regions. Many countries have been trying to address these challenges. Facilitated by the construction of infrastructure (e.g., high-speed rails) and development of services industries (e.g., hotels and resorts), telecouplings (human-nature interactions over distances, e.g., vegetable trade and tourism industry) are expected to alleviate both water scarcity and poverty, and have been much supported by the central government of China. However, the extent to which these telecouplings can save water and reduce poverty remains unclear and requires quantification. Employing the simulated results from an integrated hydrological model, crop growth model, and multiple socioeconomic data from a large arid region of northwest China, the Heihe River Basin, we evaluated water scarcity using a composite index that considered both water resources and poverty between 2000 and 2012, and assessed the effects of the vegetable trade and tourism on water scarcity and income. Our results show that the vegetable trade contributed 30% of the total water saving and brought an extra 33% of income to rural residents. The tourism industry's contribution of saving water increased from 1% of its total water use in 2000 to 22% in 2012 through its ongoing expanding market. Our results also implicate that future water sustainability is determined by climate factors and by social factors, such as population, economy, policy, and technological developments. Our study provides insights into northwest China and can be used to develop arid regions around the world to better manage natural resources and reduce poverty.