Average mass concentrations of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in Erzurum urban atmosphere, Turkey
Average mass concentrations of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in Erzurum urban atmosphere, Turkey
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DOI：
10.1007/s00477-008-0299-2
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Tuncel, Guerdal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bayraktar, Hanefi;Turalioglu, F. Sezer;Tuncel, Guerdal
在这项研究中，颗粒物（TSP，PM10，PM2.5和PM10-2.5），这是对环境和人类健康的危害在埃尔祖鲁姆城市大气采样点，从2005年2月至2006年2月进行了调查。在采样期间，使用两个低容量采样器，每个采样周期持续约24 h。为了检测埃尔祖鲁姆典型采样区域和采样点，将克立格法应用于冬季黑烟浓度数据。在采样期内测得埃尔祖鲁姆城市大气中TSP、PM10和PM2.5的平均质量浓度分别为129、31和13 μ g/m3。气象因素，如温度，风速，风向和降雨量通常会影响PM，特别是PM2.5。空气温度似乎没有显着影响TSP和PM10的质量浓度，但有相当大的负诱导PM2.5的质量浓度。而燃烧源PM2.5主要受风速的稀释，土壤源粗模态颗粒物（TSP、PM10）受风速的影响较小。降雨被发现在所有组分（TSP，PM10，PM10-2.5，PM2.5）的浓度下降到48%，并发挥了重要作用的大气稀释。细模态颗粒物（PM2.5）的质量浓度表现出显着的日变化和季节变化。另一方面，粗模态分数（TSP，PM10和PM10-2.5）显示更稳定的变化。据观察，精细模式分数的变化的影响，在冬季的住宅供暖。
In this study, particulate matters (TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM10-2.5) which are hazardous for environment and human health were investigated in Erzurum urban atmosphere at a sampling point from February 2005 to February 2006. During sampling, two low volume samplers were used and each sampling period lasted approximately 24 h. In order for detection of representative sampling region and point of Erzurum, Kriging method was applied to the black smoke concentration data for winter seasons. Mass concentrations of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 of Erzurum urban atmosphere were measured on average, as 129, 31 and 13 mu g/m(3), respectively, in the sampling period. Meteorological factors, such as temperature, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall were typically found to be affecting PMs, especially PM2.5. Air temperature did not seem to be significantly affecting TSP and PM10 mass concentrations, but had a considerably negative induction on PM2.5 mass concentrations. However, combustion sourced PM2.5 was usually diluted from the urban atmosphere by the speed of wind, soil sourced coarse mode particle concentrations (TSP, PM10) were slightly affected by the speed of wind. Rainfall was found to be decreasing concentrations to 48% in all fractions (TSP, PM10, PM10-2.5, PM2.5) and played an important role on dilution of the atmosphere. Fine mode fraction of PM (PM2.5) showed significant daily and seasonal variations on mass concentrations. On the other hand, coarse mode fractions (TSP, PM10 and PM10-2.5) revealed more steady variations. It was observed that fine mode fraction variations were affected by the heating in residences during winter seasons.