The effects of calystegines isolated from edible fruits and vegetables on mammalian liver glycosidases
The effects of calystegines isolated from edible fruits and vegetables on mammalian liver glycosidases
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DOI：
10.1093/glycob/7.8.1085
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发表时间：
1997-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Winchester, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Asano, N;Kato, A;Winchester, B
称为花萼石碱的多羟基化去甲托烷生物碱存在于旋花科、茄科和桑科的许多植物中。这些生物碱中的某些对糖苷酶表现出有效的抑制活性，最近证明马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）的叶、皮和芽中以及茄子（S.melongena）的叶中存在马铃薯碱，这引起了人们对这些蔬菜在人类饮食中安全性的担忧。我们通过 GC-MS 调查了旋花科、茄科和桑科食用水果和蔬菜中水萼内酯的存在情况。所有检测的食用水果和蔬菜均检出水萼碱A3、B1、B2和C1；甜椒、辣椒、土豆、茄子、西红柿、酸浆类水果、红薯和桑葚。 Calystegines B1 和 C1 是牛、人和大鼠 β-葡萄糖苷酶活性的有效竞争性抑制剂，B1 的 K-i 值分别为 150、10 和 1.9 μM，C1 的 K-i 值分别为 15、1.5 和 1 μM。 Calystegine B2 是所有肝脏中 α-半乳糖苷酶活性的强竞争性抑制剂。人 β-木糖苷酶被所有四种去甲烷抑制，其中 Calystegins C1 的 K-i 为 0.13 μM。Calystegins A3 和 B2 选择性抑制大鼠肝脏 β-葡萄糖苷酶活性。体外对哺乳动物β-葡萄糖苷酶和α-半乳糖苷酶活性的有效抑制增加了人类食用大量含有这些化合物的植物产生毒性的可能性。
The polyhydroxylated nortropane alkaloids called calystegines occur in many plants of the Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, and Moraceae families. Certain of these alkaloids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against glycosidases and the recently demonstrated occurrence of calystegines in the leaves, skins, and sprouts of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), and in the leaves of the eggplant (S.melongena), has raised concerns regarding the safety of these vegetables in the human diet. We have surveyed the occurrence of calystegines in edible fruits and vegetables of the families Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, and Moraceae by GC-MS. Calystegines A3, B1, B2, and C1 were detected in all the edible fruits and vegetables tested; sweet and chili peppers, potatoes, eggplants, tomatoes, Physalis fruits, sweet potatoes, and mulberries. Calystegines B1 and C1 were potent competitive inhibitors of the bovine, human, and rat beta-glucosidase activities, with K-i values of 150, 10, and 1.9 mu M, respectively for B1 and 15, 1.5, and 1 mu M, respectively, for C1. Calystegine B2 was a strong competitive inhibitor of the alpha-galactosidase activity in all the livers. Human beta-xylosidase was inhibited by all four nortropanes, with calystegine C1 having a K-i of 0.13 mu M. Calystegines A3 and B2 selectively inhibited the rat liver beta-glucosidase activity. The potent inhibition of mammalian beta-glucosidase and alpha-galactosidase activities in vitro raises the possibility of toxicity in humans consuming large amounts of plants that contain these compounds.