The Why, What, and How of Global Biodiversity Indicators Beyond the 2010 Target
The Why, What, and How of Global Biodiversity Indicators Beyond the 2010 Target
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01605.x
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Milner-Gulland, E. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Julia P. G.;Collen, Ben;Milner-Gulland, E. J.
《生物多样性公约》（Convention on Biological Diversity）签署国商定的2010年生物多样性目标，将保护专业人士的注意力转向了制定指标，以衡量全球范围内生物多样性的变化。我们考虑了为什么需要全球生物多样性指标，成功的全球指标具有哪些特征，以及现有指标的表现。由于监测可能会占用可用于保护的大部分资金，我们认为指标应明确与监测目标联系起来，并且应根据对这些监测方案对决策的价值的预测来决定哪些监测方案值得资助。我们建议，提高公众和决策者的意识、审计管理行动和告知政策选择是最重要的全球监测目标。以森林面积、保护区覆盖面积、地球生命力指数、红色名录指数等4个生物多样性指标为例，分析了实现这些目标所需的指标特征。我们建议保护专业人员通过消除数据可用性的空间偏差来改进现有指标，填补森林以外生态系统信息的空白，并提高对指标响应政策变化方式的理解。监测本身并不是目的，我们认为至关重要的是，全球监测生物多样性的最终目标应当为制定新的指标提供信息。
The 2010 biodiversity target agreed by signatories to the Convention on Biological Diversity directed the attention of conservation professionals toward the development of indicators with which to measure changes in biological diversity at the global scale. We considered why global biodiversity indicators are needed, what characteristics successful global indicators have, and how existing indicators perform. Because monitoring could absorb a large proportion of funds available for conservation, we believe indicators should be linked explicitly to monitoring objectives and decisions about which monitoring schemes deserve funding should be informed by predictions of the value of such schemes to decision making. We suggest that raising awareness among the public and policy makers, auditing management actions, and informing policy choices are the most important global monitoring objectives. Using four well-developed indicators of biological diversity (extent of forests, coverage of protected areas, Living Planet Index, Red List Index) as examples, we analyzed the characteristics needed for indicators to meet these objectives. We recommend that conservation professionals improve on existing indicators by eliminating spatial biases in data availability, fill gaps in information about ecosystems other than forests, and improve understanding of the way indicators respond to policy changes. Monitoring is not an end in itself, and we believe it is vital that the ultimate objectives of global monitoring of biological diversity inform development of new indicators.