HEALTH AS A VALUE - METHODOLOGICAL AND THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
HEALTH AS A VALUE - METHODOLOGICAL AND THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.5.1.25
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发表时间：
1986-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
WARE, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LAU, RR;HARTMAN, KA;WARE, JE
在健康行为研究的几种不同理论方法中，健康价值的概念是非常重要的。然而，在实践中，健康价值通常被认为普遍很高，而不是直接衡量。如果这一假设是不正确的，那么包括健康价值的理论很少得到充分的检验。本文提出了一个简短的4项李克特量表，旨在衡量健康的价值。从利用这个规模在五个不同的样本的规范。据发现，女孩的健康价值随着年龄的增长而增加，但这种增加到青春期后期，在达到完全成年的健康价值水平之前，显然就停止了。中年女性比中年男性更重视健康，尽管在大学生样本中没有可比较的性别差异。与理论预测相一致，健康控制信念和某些预防性健康行为的有效性信念与5至9个月后那些同样行为的表现之间的相关性更高，这些行为在那些高度重视健康的受访者中相对于那些不重视健康的人。然而，只有当可以安全地假设健康是行为背后的主要价值时，才会发现这种相互作用。除了健康作为预防性健康行为的可能的动机考虑各种价值观的重要性被强调。
The concept of value placed on health is very important in several diffferent theoretical approaches to the study of health behavior. In practice, however, health value is generally assumed to be universally high rather than being directly measured. If this assumption is incorrect, then theories that include health value have rarely been adequately tested. This paper presents a short 4-item Likert scale designed to measure the value placed on health. Norms from the utilization of this scale in five different samples are presented. Health value is found to increase with age among girls, but the increase apparently stops by late adolescence, before full adult levels of health value are achieved. Middle-aged women place a higher value on health than do middle-aged men, although no comparable sex difference appears in a sample of undergraduates. Consistent with theoretical predictions, both health locus of control beliefs and beliefs in the efficacy of certain preventive health behaviors correlate more highly with the performance of those same behaviors 5 to 9 months later among respondents who place a high value of health relative to those who do not value health so highly. However, this interaction is found only when it can be safely assumed that health is the primary value underlying the behavior. The importance of considering a variety of values in addition to health as possible motivators of preventive health behavior is stressed.