Male infertility
Male infertility
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DOI：
10.1016/s1521-6934(02)00147-5
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Grudzinskas, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iammarrone, E;Balet, R;Grudzinskas, JG
13%-18%的夫妇受到不孕不育的影响，来自临床和流行病学研究的越来越多的证据表明，男性生殖问题的发生率正在上升。男性不育的发病机制可反映为由于垂体疾病、睾丸癌、生殖细胞再生障碍、精索静脉曲张和环境因素导致的生精障碍，或由于先天性异常或免疫和神经因素导致的精子传输障碍。最近的研究表明，与男性不育相关的遗传性疾病的发生率增加，这些疾病可能会影响不同水平，干扰生殖细胞的生成和成熟，或导致无功能精子的产生。识别男性不育的遗传原因提出了将缺陷传递给后代的问题，鉴于卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)的使用越来越多，这一情况变得越来越重要，这是一种通过自然选择精子的程序。被绕过了。体外受精可以使用射出的精子、附睾精子或睾丸精子，无论是新鲜的还是冷冻解冻的，这为男性提供了迄今为止不可能成为基因父亲的机会。
Infertility affects 13-18% of couples and growing evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies suggests an increasing incidence of male reproductive problems. The pathogenesis of male infertility can be reflected by defective spermatogenesis due to pituitary disorders, testicular cancer, germ cell aplasia, varicocele and environmental factors or to defective sperm transport due to congenital abnormalities or immunological and neurogenic factors. Recent studies suggest an increased incidence of genetic disorders related to male infertility which may affect different levels, interfering with germ cell generation and maturation or leading to the production of nonfunctional spermatozoa. The identification of genetic causes of male infertility raises the issue of the transmission of defects to the offspring, a situation that is becoming more important given the increasing use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a procedure in which the natural selection of the spermatozoa. is by-passed. Fertilization can occur in vitro using ejaculated, epididymal or testicular spermatozoa, either fresh or frozen-thawed, providing opportunities hitherto not possible for men to be genetic fathers.