Cold rolling and annealing textures in low carbon and extra low carbon steels
Cold rolling and annealing textures in low carbon and extra low carbon steels
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DOI：
10.1179/imr.1994.39.4.129
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发表时间：
1994-01
影响因子：
16.1
通讯作者：
R. Ray;J. Jonas;R. E. Hook
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Ray;J. Jonas;R. E. Hook
低碳钢和超低碳钢的冷轧纹理主要由几乎完美的法向（ND）纤维和另外两个成分组成，中心位于001和112处，它们沿着轧制方向（RD）纤维。这种织构受热轧带织构的影响很大，而不是特别受钢化学成分或沉淀物存在等冶金参数的影响。重冷轧材料的退火强化ND纤维并降低RD纤维的强度。退火织构，特别是111组分的强度，在很大程度上取决于热轧带织构和晶粒尺寸，以及卷取温度、冷轧量和合金化学。111纤维特别有利于赋予钢板良好的深冲性能（高rm值），而001纤维则有不利影响。在常规的分批退火铝镇静钢中，约70%的冷压下量、低卷取温度和缓慢的加热速率诱导最期望的退火织构和相应的最高rm值的发展。Nb或Ti稳定的无间隙原子（IF）钢的最佳冷压下量增加到约90%。再结晶后的晶粒生长增加rm;因此，如果发生晶粒生长，则更长的退火周期和更高的退火温度是有益的。在箱式退火的情况下，退火温度的实际上限为10720 °C。在连续退火工艺中，涉及较高的加热和冷却速率，冷轧钢可以在亚临界γ + α范围内有利地退火。溶解态和/或碳化物形式的碳是阻碍尖锐111退火织构发展的最有害的单一元素。溶解的N、P和Mn具有与碳类似的效果。固溶体中的铌、钛或硅增强了111或近111成分的强度。
The cold rolling texture of low and extra low carbon steels is primarily made up of a nearly perfect normal direction (ND) fibre and of two other components, centred at 001 and 112, which lie along the rolling direction (RD) fibre. This texture is influenced significantly by the hot band texture and not particularly by such metallurgical parameters as steel chemistry or the presence of precipitates. The annealing of heavily cold rolled materials strengthens the ND fibre and reduces the intensity of the RD fibre. The annealing texture, particularly the strength of the 111 components, depends significantly on the hot band texture and grain size, as well as on coiling temperature, cold reduction, and alloy chemistry. The 111 fibre is particularly beneficial for imparting good deep drawability (high rm value) to sheet steel, whereas the 001 has a detrimental effect. In conventional batch annealed Al-killed steels, cold reductions of around 70%, low coiling temperatures and slow heating rates induce the development of the most desired annealing textures and correspondingly the highest rm values. The optimum cold reduction increases to about 90% in Nb or Ti stabilised interstitial free (IF) steels. Grain growth after recrystallisation increases rm; thus longer annealing cycles and higher annealing temperatures are beneficial, if grain growth occurs. In the case of box annealing, the practical upper limit of annealing temperature is ∼720°C. In the continuous annealing process, which involves higher heating and cooling rates, cold rolled steels can be annealed to advantage in the intercritical γ + α range. Carbon in solution and/or in the form of carbides is the single most deleterious element that impedes the development of sharp 111 annealing textures. Dissolved N, P, and Mn have effects similar to that of carbon. Niobium, Ti, or Si in solid solution enhances the intensity of the 111 or near 111 components.