Benefits and Costs of Social Foraging and Optimal Flock Size in Goldfinches (Carduelis carduelis)
Benefits and Costs of Social Foraging and Optimal Flock Size in Goldfinches (Carduelis carduelis)
复制标题
金翅雀 (Carduelis carduelis) 社会觅食的效益和成本以及最佳鸡群规模
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Glück
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Glück
在繁殖季节，对金翅雀（Carduelis carduelis L.）评估不同大小的组中的喂养。随着群体规模的增加（最多6个个体），个体变得不那么警觉：个体的头部抖动率下降，但整个群体的警惕性水平增加。同时减少了鲁梅克斯种子消耗的处理时间。与单独进食的个体相比，在同一时间内，六只鸟的群体消耗的玉米量多出20%。然而，随着群体规模的增加，个体必须飞行更远的距离才能到达另一个有利可图的工厂，这需要花费更多的时间。集群的另一个代价可能是较大的群体更容易被捕食者发现。因此，植绒涉及缩短所消耗的种子的处理时间的益处，但也导致到下一个植物茎的行进时间更长的成本。除密度外，计算出的最佳觅食群大小还取决于一个种子穗所能提供的种子数。
During the breeding season, the costs and benefits of social foraging of goldfinches (Carduelis carduelis L.) feeding in groups of different sizes was evaluated. With increasing flock size (up to six individuals) individuals became less alert: the individual head-jerk rate decreased but the whole group vigilance level increased. The handling time for the consumption of a Rumex seed was simultaneously reduced. Compared with individuals feeding alone, in a group of six birds the consumption of corns amounts to 20 % more within the same period of time. However, with increasing group size, the individuals have to fly greater distances to reach another profitable plant, which consumes more time. Another cost of flocking may be that larger flocks are more easily spotted by predators. Thus, flocking involves benefits in shortening handling time of the consumed seeds but also causes costs in having a larger travelling time to the next plant stem. Besides plant density calculated optimal foraging group size depends on the number of seeds provided by one seed head.