Changes in mycelia growth, sporulation, and virulence of Phytophthora capsici when challenged by heavy metals (Cu2+, Cr2+ and Hg2+) under acid pH stress
Changes in mycelia growth, sporulation, and virulence of Phytophthora capsici when challenged by heavy metals (Cu2+, Cr2+ and Hg2+) under acid pH stress
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在酸性 pH 胁迫下，受到重金属（Cu2、Cr2 和 Hg2）挑战时，辣椒疫霉的菌丝体生长、孢子形成和毒力发生变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.100
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
刘裴清
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
刘裴清
辣椒疫霉是一种经济上具有破坏性的卵菌病原体，会在多种蔬菜植物上引起毁灭性的疾病流行，并对全球蔬菜生产构成严重威胁。重金属和酸性 pH 值是对土壤微生物新近同时发生的胁迫，但对菌丝体生长和毒力的预期以及它们如何伤害卵菌（尤其是辣椒假单胞菌）仍然未知。在此，研究了不同重金属（Cu2+、Cr2+ 和 Hg2+）在不同 pH 值（4.0 与 7.0）下对菌丝体生长和毒力的影响，并分析了可能的分子和生理机制。在本研究中，我们比较了不同重金属（Cu2+、Cr2+ 和 Hg2+）和酸性 pH 对先前基因组测序的 P 的有效抑制作用。 辣椒毒株 LT1534。两种应激因素独立影响其菌丝生长和孢子形成。接下来，我们研究了ROS是否参与了pH抑制的菌丝体生长，发现ROS清除剂过氧化氢酶（CAT）显着抑制了菌丝体中酸性pH诱导的ROS。此外，由于MAPK专门将环境中不同的应激反应信号传递到细胞中，因此我们采用CAT和p38-MAPK通路抑制剂来研究ROS和p38-MAPK在不同pH值（4.0与7.0）下重金属抑制菌丝体生长中的作用，发现它们显着抑制生长。此外，ROS和p38-MAPK在不同pH值下影响重金属诱导的TBARS含量、总抗氧化能力（TAC）和CAT活性，并且还降低感染相关漆酶（PcLAC2）和效应相关蛋白（PcNLP14）的表达。我们认为，酸性 pH 胁迫会加速重金属抑制 P.P. 菌丝体生长、孢子形成和毒力变化的过程。 辣椒，并假设 ROS 和 p38-MAPK 的功能是调节这种毒性背后的分子和生理机制。尽管这些应激会对卵菌造成分子和生理挑战，但用于解决这些环境应激的机制仍有很多待了解。
Phytophthora capsici,an economically devastating oomycete pathogen, causes devastating disease epidemics on a wide range of vegetable plants and pose a grave threat to global vegetables production. Heavy metals and acid pH are newly co-occurring stresses to soil micro-organisms, but what can be expected for mycelia growth and virulence and how they injure the oomycetes (especiallyP. capsici) remains unknown. Here, the effects of different heavy metals (Cu2+, Cr2+, and Hg2+) on mycelia growth and virulence were investigated at different pHs (4.0 vs. 7.0) and the plausible molecular and physiological mechanisms were analyzed. In the present study, we compared the effective inhibition of different heavy metals (Cu2+, Cr2+, and Hg2+) and acid pH on a previously genome sequencedP. capsicivirulent strain LT1534. Both stress factors independently affected its mycelia growth and sporulation. Next, we investigated whether ROS participated in the pH-inhibited mycelial growth, finding that the ROS scavenger, catalase (CAT), significantly inhibited the acid pH-induced ROS in mycelia. Additionally, because MAPK specially transmits different stress responsive signals in environment into cells, we employed CAT and a p38-MAPK pathway inhibitor to investigate ROS and p38-MAPK roles in heavy metal-inhibited mycelia growth at different pHs (4.0 vs. 7.0), finding that they significantly inhibited growth. Furthermore, ROS and p38-MAPK influenced the heavy metal-induced TBARS content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and CAT activity at different pHs, and also reduced the expression of infection-related laccases (PcLAC2) and an effector-related protein (PcNLP14). We propose that acid pH stress accelerates how heavy metals inhibit mycelium growth, sporulation, and virulence change inP. capsici, and posit that ROS and p38-MAPK function to regulate the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying this toxicity. Although these stresses induce molecular and physiological challenges to oomycetes, much remains to be known the mechanisms dedicated to resolve these environmental stresses.