Peptide neurohormones: their role in thermoregulation and fever.
Peptide neurohormones: their role in thermoregulation and fever.
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肽神经激素：它们在体温调节和发烧中的作用。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Cooper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Ruwe;W. Veale;K. Cooper
哺乳动物吻侧间脑的神经元件与体温的调节有关。此外，可能正是大脑这一区域内的神经元件激活了对热原做出反应的发热机制。位于大脑这一区域的神经肽是否可能作为神经化学媒介参与体温调节、发烧和(或)退热？中枢注射几种神经肽可以引起动物核心体温的显著变化。虽然大多数这些净化神经调节剂对体温调节只有很小的影响，但少数神经肽已被证明对控制这一基本营养功能的系统有深远的影响。其中精氨酸加压素(AVP)可能起到内源性退热的作用。这种肽的神经解剖学定位及其轴突投射与这种神经垂体肽在解热调节中的作用是一致的。此外，目前的证据表明，AVP确实具有神经递质的功能。对围产期动物和新生儿对热原的发热反应的检测表明，血浆AVP水平的升高与发热反应的减弱密切相关。此外，当AVP被灌流到大脑的点状区域时，热原引起的发热可能被显著抑制，AVP似乎主要作用于隔区，距前连合2-3 mm。在发烧的过程中，AVP的释放在这些相同的部位发生了变化。在发热状态下，随着体温的降低，AVP释放到这些间隔部位的细胞外液中的量也随之增加。最近的研究表明，AVP可能具有额外的中枢神经化学功能。例如，这种肽可能与某些形式的惊厥性疾病的病因学有关。正常和发烧时中枢神经系统调节体温的确切方式还不是很清楚。
The neural elements of the rostral diencephalon in the mammal have been implicated in the regulation of body temperature. Moreover, it may be the neural elements within this region of the brain which activate the febrile mechanisms in response to pyrogen. Is it possible that the neuropeptides located within this area of the brain serve as neurochemical intermediaries involved in temperature regulation, fever, and (or) antipyresis? Central administration of several neuropeptides can elicit marked changes in the core temperature of an animal. Although most of these purative neuroregulators exert only a very minor influence on thermoregulation, a small number of the neuropeptides have been shown to have a profound effect on the system controlling this basic vegetative function. One of these peptides, arginine vasopressin (AVP) may play a role as an endogenous antipyretic. The neuroanatomical localization of this peptide, as well as its axonal projections, are consistent with such a role for this neurohypophyseal peptide in the mediation of antipyresis. In addition, current evidence suggests that AVP does function as a neurotransmitter. Examination of the febrile response to pyrogen in both the periparturient animal and the neonate indicates that an elevation in plasma levels of AVP is closely correlated with the diminution in the febrile response. Also, when AVP is perfused into punctate regions of the brain, a pyrogen-induced fever may be markedly suppressed AVP appears to act primarily within the septal area, 2- to 3-mm rostral to the anterior commissure. During the development of fever, the release of AVP is altered within these same loci. As body temperature decreases during the febrile state, there is a concomitant increase in the amount of AVP released into the extracellular fluid of these septal sites. Very recent findings suggest that AVP may have additional central neurochemical functions. For example, this peptide may be involved in the etiology of some forms of convulsive disorders. The precise manner in which body temperature is regulated by the central nervous system normally and during fever is not well understood.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)