Olfactory orientation responses of the eucalyptus woodborer, Phoracantha semipunctata, to host plant in a wind tunnel
Olfactory orientation responses of the eucalyptus woodborer, Phoracantha semipunctata, to host plant in a wind tunnel
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风洞中桉树蛀虫（Phoracantha semipunctata）对寄主植物的嗅觉定向反应
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3032.2001.00213.x
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
J. Araújo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Barata;J. Araújo
摘要桉树蛀干害虫是桃金娘科桉树的主要害虫。本研究调查了半斑拟步行鱼雌雄个体在一根原木上散发的气味羽流中的行走和飞行行为。垂直放置在风洞逆风端的球状物。在对照实验中，甲虫被暴露在与原木相同位置的PVC排水管中，提供没有宿主树气味的视觉刺激。暴露于原木或PVC管时，两种性别的行为反应之间没有统计学差异。没有甲虫落在PVC管上，而49%的甲虫暴露于宿主树气味羽落在原木上。羽化后24天以上的甲虫比20-24天的甲虫反应更快，占到了86%。 当行走时，宿主树气味影响了降落在原木上的甲虫的行为，如下所示：逆风运动和路径线性增加，而转向率，停止频率，平均停止时间和起飞时间减少。在飞行过程中，宿主树木的气味会影响降落在原木上的甲虫的行为，具体如下：增加逆风飞行、转弯率、飞行时间、飞行距离和降低飞行速度。对于甲虫，从来没有失去联系的气味羽流，飞行进展逆风与狭窄的tourigags，并表现出更高的方向性逆风，路径线性，更快的飞行速度和更低的转弯率比甲虫失去联系的气味羽流。在失去与羽流的接触后，甲虫倾向于减少它们的逆风行进，表现出一个急转弯或快速的反向转弯，然后是逆风或顺风的行程。这导致重新与气味羽流接触，并以更高的速度恢复逆风前进，前提是它们在羽流的边界内飞行。结果表明，宿主树木的气味影响了半斑拟步行虫的行走和飞行行为，诱导了更直接的逆风运动，并降落在树干的视觉刺激上。
The eucalyptus woodborer, Phoracantha semipunctata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), attacks mainly species of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae). This study investigated walking and flight behaviour of P. semipunctata males and females exposed to an odour plume originating from a log of E. globulus placed vertically in the upwind end of a wind tunnel. In control experiments, beetles were exposed to a PVC drainpipe in the same position as the log, providing a visual stimulus without host‐tree odour. No statistical differences were found between behavioural responses of either sex when exposed to the log or PVC pipe. No beetles landed on the PVC pipe, whereas 49% of the beetles exposed to host‐tree odour plume landed on the log. Beetles aged over 24 days after emergence from the host tree were more responsive than beetles aged 20–24 days, and accounted vor 86% of the beetles that landed on the log. While walking, host‐tree odour affected the behaviour of the beetles that landed on the log as follows: upwind movement and path linearity increased, whereas turning rate, stopping frequency, mean stopping time and time to take‐off flight decreased. During flight, host‐tree odour affected the behaviour of the beetles that landed on the log as follows: increased upwind flight, turning rate, flight time, flight distance, and decreased flight speed. For beetles that never lost contact with the odour plume, flight progressed upwind with narrow zigzags, and showed higher directedness upwind, path linearity, faster flight speed and lower turning rate than for beetles that lost contact with the odour plume. After loosing contact with the plume, beetles tended to decrease their upwind progression, exhibiting a sharp turn or quick counterturns followed by crosswind or downwind excursions. This led to regaining contact with the odour plume and resumed upwind progression at higher speed provided they flew within the boundaries of the plume. The results showed that host‐tree odour affects both walking and flight behaviour of P. semipunctata beetles, inducing a more directed upwind movement and landing on the visual stimulus of a tree trunk.