RECOVERY OF FUNCTION FOLLOWING UNILATERAL LESIONS OF THE BULBAR PYRAMID IN THE MONKEY
RECOVERY OF FUNCTION FOLLOWING UNILATERAL LESIONS OF THE BULBAR PYRAMID IN THE MONKEY
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DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(82)90003-7
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
WIESENDANGER, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHAPMAN, CE;WIESENDANGER, M
在猴单侧正中神经切断术后，对熟练运动和肌张力的缺陷进行量化，并研究其恢复的时间过程。三只猴子[M。在手术前训练[fascicularis]在Kluver板上执行定时取回任务，这需要数字灵巧性和快速手臂运动。在正中神经切开术（涉及66%、85%和87%的锥体）后，由于手臂运动减慢和手灵活性受损，最初的表现严重受损，特别是从小威尔斯中取出食物。性能逐渐改善，直到损伤后4-5周，所有动物均恢复至术前对照水平。恢复归因于：手臂运动速度增加，运动策略改变，动物使用所有4个手指而不是精确抓握从大威尔斯井中取出食物;以及独立手指运动的一些恢复。仔细检查录像带发现，手指的动作仍然笨拙后，完全恢复的测量性能。在球锥体的次全损伤后，可以在一定程度上重新建立对离散手指运动的控制。通过记录在姿势任务执行过程中对扭矩扰动的EMG [肌电图]反应来评估肌张力。在术后第2周，1只猴的对侧肘屈肌和伸肌显示出明显的张力减退和反射减退，其特征在于对80 ms扭矩的反射反应的所有分量的振幅降低和潜伏期增加。背景活动也减少了。当在损伤后8-9周重复记录时，几乎没有观察到恢复，即，恢复后，手动任务完成。在另一只猴子中，术后1.5年比较了两只手臂的肘屈肌和伸肌伸展反射。肱三头肌对牵拉的肌电反应没有差异。对侧肱二头肌拉伸反应减少和延迟相比，同侧arm. There是一个显着的调制肱二头肌拉伸反应的幅度时，改变预负荷，这并没有观察到在控制或术后早期记录。反射减退明显存在于肘屈肌，而不是伸肌。锥体束显然对脊髓活动具有紧张性影响，并且在控制姿势活动中也可能具有重要功能。
Following unilateral pyramidotomy in the monkey, deficits in skilled movements and muscle tone were quantified and the time course for their return was studied. Three monkeys [M. fascicularis] were trained preoperatively to perform a timed retrieval task on the Kluver board, which required digital dexterity and quick arm movements. Following pyramidotomy (involving 66%, 85% and 87% of the pyramid), performance initially was severely impaired because of slowing of arm movements and impaired manual dexterity, especially in the retrieval of food from small wells. Performance gradually improved until, by 4-5 wk after the lesion, all animals had recovered to preoperative control levels. Recovery was attributed to: increased speed of arm movements, a change in the movement strategy whereby the animal used all 4 fingers instead of the precision grip for retrieving food from large wells; and some recovery of independent finger movements. Close inspection of videotapes revealed that the finger movements were still clumsy after full recovery of the measured performance. Control of discrete finger movements may be re-established to some extent after a subtotal lesion of the bulbar pyramid. Muscle tone was assessed by recording EMG [electromyograph] responses to torque perturbations during the performance of a postural task. During the 2nd postoperative week, contralateral elbow flexors and extensors in 1 monkey showed a marked hypotonia and hyporeflexia which was characterized by a decrease in the amplitude and an increase in the latency for all components of the reflex response to an 80-ms torque. Background activity was also reduced. Little recovery was seen when the records were repeated 8-9 wk after the lesion, i.e., after recovery on the manual task was complete. In another monkey, elbow flexor and extensor stretch reflexes in the 2 arms were compared 1.5 yr postoperatively. There was no difference between the triceps EMG responses to stretch. The contralateral biceps stretch responses were reduced and delayed compared to the ipsilateral arm. There was a marked modulation of the amplitude of the biceps stretch response when the pre-load was changed, which had not been observed during either control or early postoperative recordings. Hyporeflexia apparently persists in elbow flexors, but not extensors. The pyramidal tract apparently has a tonic influence on spinal cord activity and may also have an important function in the control of postural activity.