Misunderstanding of prescription drug warning labels among patients with low literacy
Misunderstanding of prescription drug warning labels among patients with low literacy
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DOI：
10.2146/ajhp050469
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Parker, Ruth M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wolf, Michael S.;Davis, Terry C.;Parker, Ruth M.
目的。对低文化水平成人误解处方药警示标签的常见原因进行了研究。在什里夫波特路易斯安那州立大学健康科学中心的初级保健诊所接受治疗的74名阅读水平在六年级或以下的患者被招募参加结构化访谈。患者被要求对处方药上常用的8个警告标签进行解释和评论。正确的解释由专家小组对患者的逐字反应进行审查。采用定性的方法来编码反应，并产生关于这些pwls误解的主题。在这些低读写能力的患者样本中，对8个警告标签的正确解读率从0%到78.7%不等。除了最基本的标签外，不到一半的患者能够对警告标签信息提供足够的解释。我们得出了五个主题来描述误解标签的常见原因：单步与多步说明、文本的阅读难度、图标的使用、颜色的使用和信息的清晰度。如果标签包含多个说明，阅读难度较大，包含不熟悉的术语，或使用与文本信息不一致的令人困惑的图标，则标签被误解的风险更大。参与者还经常对标签颜色施加错误的含义，这导致了进一步的混淆。读写能力低的患者比读写能力高的患者对8个最常用的pwl的正确解释率要低。多步骤说明、文本阅读困难、图标的使用、颜色的使用和信息的清晰度是导致标签误解的常见原因。
Purpose. The common causes for misunderstanding prescription drug warning labels (PWL's) among adults with low literacy were studied.Methods. A total of 74 patients reading at or below the sixth-grade level and receiving care at the primary care clinic at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in Shreveport were recruited to participate in structured interviews. Patients were asked to interpret and comment on eight commonly used warning labels found on prescription medications. Correct interpretation was determined by expert panel review of patients' verbatim responses. Qualitative methods were employed to code responses and generate themes regarding the misunderstanding of these PWLs.Results. Among this sample of patients with low literacy skills, rates of correct interpretation for the eight warning labels ranged from 0% to 78.7%. With the exception of the most basic label, less than half of all patients were able to provide adequate interpretations of the warning label messages. Five themes were derived to describe the common causes for misunderstanding the labels: single-step versus multiple-step instructions, reading difficulty of text, use of icons, use of color, and message clarity. Labels were at greater risk for being misunderstood if they included multiple instructions, had a greater reading difficulty, included unfamiliar terms, or used confusing icons that were discordant with text messages. Participants also frequently imposed an incorrect meaning on label colors, which led to further confusion.Conclusion. Patients with low literacy skills 11 demonstrated a lower rate of correct interpretation of the eight most commonly used PWLs than did those with higher literacy skills. Multiple-step instructions, reading difficulty of text, the use of icons, the use of color, and message clarity were the common causes of label misinterpretation.