A new genus and species of abyssal sponge commonly encrusting polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, East Pacific Ocean
A new genus and species of abyssal sponge commonly encrusting polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, East Pacific Ocean
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东太平洋克拉里昂-克利珀顿区常见包壳多金属结核的深海海绵新属和新种
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Tan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Swee;H. Wiklund;A. Glover;T. Dahlgren;K. Tan
东太平洋克拉里昂-克利珀顿区(CCZ)是一个广阔的深海矿产勘探区域，几乎没有已公布的分类学数据。在这里，我们描述Plenaster Craigi gen。11月SP.11月位于CCZ多金属结核省东部的∼4000米深处。尽管在该地区进行了40多年的紧张勘探，但我们揭示了P.Craigi sp.11月是本研究区CCZ东部最丰富的海绵和最常见的包裹型后生动物。它的平均丰度为15.3±8.9只/m2，分布于新加坡勘探区内一个30×30公里的研究区内的11个站点。白色的结壳海绵上填满了球状海绵，偶尔会有样式突出表面。Plenaster Craigi sp.11月在两个目中与三个不同科的属在形态上相似：Timea(Timeidae；Tethyida)；半星虫和细星虫(Homeasterellidae；Tethyida)；以及Paratimea(Stelligeridae；Axinellida)。然而，基于本研究建立的分子(COI和28S)系统发育树，P.Craigi sp.11月分布于Axinellida目，与Timea、半星虫、细星亚目和Paratimea相距较远。我们提出了一个新属，将我们的材料暂时归入狼蛛科，因为它是唯一一个目的科，其成员拥有食器。当这些属的模式标本的序列和先进的系统发育重建方法在未来可用时，这种临时放置可能会改变。然而，我们已经清楚地表明，普雷纳斯特一代。11月是独一无二的，与目前已知的所有分类群截然不同。Plenaster Craigi sp.11月滤食性动物是一种覆盖在结核上的丰富的后生动物，很容易识别，是CCZ东部乃至整个CCZ未来采矿影响的潜在指示物种。Lsid：urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:99D2DDBA-4643-4752-8C8A-AFF314E6B6E3
The Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the East Pacific is a vast region targeted for deep-sea mineral exploration, for which there are almost no published taxonomic data. Here we describe Plenaster craigi gen. nov. sp. nov. from depths of ∼4000 m in the eastern CCZ polymetallic nodule province. Despite over 40 years of intense exploration in the area, we reveal that P. craigi sp. nov. is the most abundant sponge and the most common metazoan encrusting on nodules in our study area at the eastern CCZ. It has a mean abundance of 15.3 ± 8.9 individuals per m2 across 11 stations in a 30 × 30 km study site nested within the Singapore exploration area. The white encrusting sponge is filled with spheroxyasters with occasional styles protruding the surface. Plenaster craigi sp. nov. is morphologically similar to genera from three different families in two orders: Timea (Timeidae; Tethyida); Hemiasterella and Leptosastra (Hemiasterellidae; Tethyida); and Paratimea (Stelligeridae; Axinellida). However, based on the molecular (COI and 28S) phylogenetic trees generated in this study, P. craigi sp. nov. was located in the Order Axinellida and appeared to be distant to Timea, Hemiasterella, Leptosastra, and Paratimea. We propose a new genus for our material to be placed provisionally in the family Stelligeridae, as it is the only family in the order Axinellida whose members possess euasters. This provisional placement may change when sequences of the type specimens of these genera and advanced phylogenetic reconstruction methods become available in the future. However, we have shown clearly that Plenaster gen. nov. is unique and distinct from all currently known taxa. Plenaster craigi sp. nov. being an abundant metazoan encrusting on nodule and easily identified filter-feeding animal is a potentially indicator species for future mining impacts in the eastern CCZ, and possibly across the entire CCZ. LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:99D2DDBA-4643-4752-8C8A-AFF314E6B6E3
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Thacker, Robert W.;Hill, April L.;Bangalore, Purushotham V.
通讯作者：
Bangalore, Purushotham V.