Targeting global conservation funding to limit immediate biodiversity declines
Targeting global conservation funding to limit immediate biodiversity declines
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1221370110
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发表时间：
2013-07-16
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Gittleman, John L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Waldron, Anthony;Mooers, Arne O.;Gittleman, John L.
资金不足是有效保护全球生物多样性的主要障碍，可能与最近未能实现联合国生物多样性目标有关。有些国家的资金不足情况比其他国家严重，因此是紧迫的财政优先事项。然而，几十年来，由于关于实际支出的数据不佳和不完整，加上不确定性和对支出缺口的相对大小缺乏共识，确定这些资金严重不足的国家的努力一直受到阻碍。在这里，我们收集了一个年度保护支出的全球数据库。然后，我们开发了一个统计模型，解释了86%的保护支出的变化，并使用此来确定国家的资金是稳健低于预期水平。40个资金严重不足的国家拥有32%的受威胁哺乳动物多样性，包括世界上一些生物多样性最丰富的地区（Sundaland，Wallacea和Near Oceania）的邻国。然而，国际援助的适度增加将大大改善全球养护资金的相对充足性。因此，我们的研究结果可以迅速应用于以相对较小的成本限制生物多样性的直接损失。
Inadequate funding levels are a major impediment to effective global biodiversity conservation and are likely associated with recent failures to meet United Nations biodiversity targets. Some countries are more severely underfunded than others and therefore represent urgent financial priorities. However, attempts to identify these highly underfunded countries have been hampered for decades by poor and incomplete data on actual spending, coupled with uncertainty and lack of consensus over the relative size of spending gaps. Here, we assemble a global database of annual conservation spending. We then develop a statistical model that explains 86% of variation in conservation expenditures, and use this to identify countries where funding is robustly below expected levels. The 40 most severely underfunded countries contain 32% of all threatened mammalian diversity and include neighbors in some of the world's most biodiversity-rich areas (Sundaland, Wallacea, and Near Oceania). However, very modest increases in international assistance would achieve a large improvement in the relative adequacy of global conservation finance. Our results could therefore be quickly applied to limit immediate biodiversity losses at relatively little cost.