Olfactory identification and preference in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Olfactory identification and preference in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1007/s00406-010-0145-7
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Park, Sohee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cumming, Amanda G.;Matthews, Natasha L.;Park, Sohee
嗅觉识别缺陷似乎是精神分裂症的一个持久特征，但尚不清楚它是精神分裂症特有的还是普遍存在于精神障碍中。本研究的目的是比较精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的嗅觉识别和嗅觉偏好。患有精神分裂症或双相情感障碍的个体以及人口统计匹配的健康参与者接受了宾夕法尼亚大学气味识别测试（UPSIT），以评估嗅觉识别能力。为了检查嗅觉享乐判断，参与者还被要求在气味识别后立即以 5 分评分量表表明他们对每个 UPSIT 项目的偏好。还评估了临床症状和社交能力。与健康对照相比，精神分裂症和双相情感障碍组均表现出嗅觉识别缺陷，但精神分裂症患者的 UPSIT 准确性比双相情感障碍患者受损更严重。有趣的是，躁郁症患者和精神分裂症患者都认为气味比健康对照者更令人愉悦，但所有组都更喜欢他们能够正确识别的气味，而不是无法识别的气味。偏好评级的限制范围与精神分裂症的阴性症状的严重程度以及双相情感障碍的躁狂症有关。社交能力与更好的嗅觉识别能力相关。这些发现表明，双相情感障碍和精神分裂症中的嗅觉识别和偏好受到损害，但这些异常的确切性质需要进一步阐明。
Olfactory identification deficit appears to be an enduring feature of schizophrenia, but it is unclear whether it is specific to schizophrenia or present in psychotic disorders in general. The aim of the present study was to compare olfactory identification and olfactory preference in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and demographically matched healthy participants were given the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) to assess olfactory identification ability. To examine olfactory hedonic judgment, participants were also asked to indicate their preference for each UPSIT item on a 5-point rating scale, immediately after odor identification. Clinical symptoms and social competence were also assessed. Both schizophrenic and bipolar groups showed olfactory identification deficits compared with the healthy controls, but schizophrenic patients were more impaired than bipolar patients on the UPSIT accuracy. Interestingly, both bipolar and schizophrenic patients rated odors to be more pleasant than did healthy controls, but all groups preferred odors that they could correctly identify to unidentified smells. Restricted range of preference ratings was associated with the severity of negative symptoms in schizophrenia, and with mania in bipolar disorder. Social competence was associated with better olfactory identification performance. These findings suggest that olfactory identification and preference are compromised in bipolar disorder as well as in schizophrenia, but the precise nature of these abnormalities needs to be further elucidated.