Genetic susceptibility to arsenic-induced skin lesions and health effects: a review.
Genetic susceptibility to arsenic-induced skin lesions and health effects: a review.
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DOI：
10.1186/s41021-015-0023-7
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Giri AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paul S;Majumdar S;Giri AK
砷对人体的毒性表现为几种结果，包括砷诱导的基因组不稳定性、DNA损伤、DNA修复受损、致癌、皮肤病变和其他健康相关问题。在受影响的1.37亿人中，近2600万人在印度西孟加拉。研究已经确定皮肤病如角化病、基底细胞癌、鲍温病、鳞状细胞癌等，作为砷对人体毒性的关键指标。虽然大量个体暴露于砷，但只有约15%至20%的个体表现出砷诱导的皮肤病变。这清楚地表明遗传易感性在砷敏感性中起重要作用。遗传易感性分析已被用来研究单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）的基因数量，因为它们可能参与砷代谢和解毒的患病率。已经观察到这些基因中的一些SNP与砷诱导的皮肤损伤和其他健康影响显著相关。在本综述中，我们试图合并不同的观察和协会的单核苷酸多态性与砷诱导的毒性，特别强调从西孟加拉的研究人群。我们已经通过了一定的候选基因的方法来评估砷引起的毒性结果，如皮肤病变，结膜刺激，DNA损伤，表型突变，癌症等的关联。这篇综述将有助于理解的重要性，遗传组成的个人对评估的异种毒性的结果，如在砷暴露的情况下。
Arsenic toxicity in humans manifests several outcomes in humans, which include arsenic-induced genomic instability, DNA damage, impaired DNA repair, carcinogenesis, dermatological lesions and other health related problems. Of the 137 million individuals affected, nearly 26 million individuals are in the state of West Bengal, India. Studies have identified dermatological lesions like keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, Bowen’s diseases, squamous cell carcinoma, etc., as key indicators of aggressive arsenic toxicity in humans. Although a large number of individuals are exposed to arsenic but only about 15 to 20 % individuals showed arsenic induced skin lesions. This clearly indicates that genetic susceptibility plays an important role in arsenic susceptibility. Analyses of genetic susceptibility have been carried out to study the prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in number of genes as they might be involved arsenic metabolism and detoxification. It has been observed that a number SNPs in these genes were significantly associated with arsenic induced skin lesions and other health effects. In the present review we try to coalesce the different observations and associations of SNPs with arsenic-induced toxicity, with special emphasis on the study population from West Bengal. We have adopted certain candidate gene approaches to evaluate the association of arsenic-induced toxic outcomes like skin lesions, conjunctival irritations, DNA damage, epimutagenesis, cancer, etc. This review shall be helpful in understanding the importance of genetic make-up of an individual towards evaluating the xenotoxic outcomes, like those in case of arsenic exposure.