Rural and urban differences in blood pressure and hypertension in Ghana, West Africa
Rural and urban differences in blood pressure and hypertension in Ghana, West Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.puhe.2006.02.002
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Agyemang, Charles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Agyemang, Charles
背景：高血压在传统的非洲社会中曾经很少见，但现在正迅速成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。目的：评估城市和农村在撒哈拉以南非洲人群中血压和高血压的差异，并确定与BP相关的因素。研究设计：横断面调查。背景：西非加纳的阿散蒂地区。参与者：1431人（男性644人，女性787人）。其中，578只来自农村（237只雄性和341只雌性），853只来自城市（407只雄性和446只雌性）。结果：农村男性年龄调整后的平均收缩压和舒张压水平低于城市男性（129/75比133/78，P < 0.001）。农村妇女的平均收缩压和舒张压水平也高于城市妇女（126/76比131/80，P < 0.001）。调整年龄后，城市男性高血压的比值比（95% CI）为1.9 (1.3-2.9,P < 0.01)，城市女性高血压的比值比为1.9 （1.3-2.8,P < 0.0001）。城市妇女比农村妇女更有可能意识到自己的高血压状况（优势比2.3,95% CI, 1.2-4.2; P < 0.001）。治疗和控制高血压在男性和女性组之间没有差异。在多元线性回归分析中，年龄、城市居住、BMI和心率与男性和女性的收缩压和舒张压独立相关。吸烟和饮酒与收缩压和舒张压独立相关，但仅在男性中存在。结论：本研究结果表明，在撒哈拉以南非洲地区的城市和农村环境中，高血压都是一个重要的公共卫生负担。迫切需要具有成本效益的公共卫生措施，以防止高血压成为另一种公共卫生负担。(c) 2006年，皇家公共卫生研究所。Elsevier Ltd.出版。版权所有。
Background: Hypertension, once rare in traditional African societies, is rapidly becoming a major public health problem.Objective: To assess urban and rural differences in blood pressure (BP) and hypertension, and to determine factors associated with BP in this sub-Saharan Africa population.Study design: Cross-sectionat survey.Setting: Ashanti region of Ghana, West Africa. Participants: There were 1431 participants (644 mates and 787 females). Of these, 578 were from the rural setting (237 mates and 341 females) and 853 from the urban setting (407 mates and 446 females).Results: Age-adjusted mean systolic and diastolic BP levels were lower in rural men than in urban men (129/75 versus 133/78, P < 0.001). The mean systolic and diastolic BP levels were also tower in rural women than in urban women (126/76 versus 131/80, P < 0.001). After adjustments for age, the odds ratios (95% CI) for being hypertensive were 1.9 (1.3-2.9; P < 0.01) for urban men and 1.9 (1.3-2.8; P < 0.0001) for urban women. Urban women were more likely than rural women to be aware of their hypertensive condition (odds ratio 2.3, 95% CI, 1.2-4.2; P < 0.001). Treatment and control of hypertension did not differ between the groups in either men or women. In multiple linear regression analysis, age, urban dwelling, BMI and heart rate were independently associated with systolic and diastolic BP in both men and women. Smoking and alcohol consumption were independently associated with systolic and diastolic BP but only in men.Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that high BP (hypertension) is an important public health burden in both urban and rural settings in this sub-Saharan African population. Cost-effective public health measures are urgently needed to prevent high BP from becoming another public health burden. (c) 2006 The Royal Institute of Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.