I spy with my little eye: Detection of temporal violations in event sequences and the pupillary response
I spy with my little eye: Detection of temporal violations in event sequences and the pupillary response
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.01.006
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
van der Meer, Elke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raisig, Susanne;Welke, Tinka;van der Meer, Elke
熟悉活动的脚本存储事件的时间顺序。这使我们能够生成关于哪个事件将紧随另一个事件的预测。当事件没有按时间顺序展开时，预测和外部感官输入之间会出现不匹配，这被认为是冲突。这种错配的检测是通过比较机制完成的(Zack等人，2007；Barsalou，2009)。我们已经应用瞳孔测量法来研究这种比较过程的性质。我们进一步测试了错配检测效率的个体差异。参与者被展示了一个事件序列的标题，以触发对事件展开顺序的预测。随后，呈现了三个脚本事件，一次一个。这些事件要么以正确的时间顺序展开，要么包括事件三元组内不同时间点的时间违规行为。一旦发现违反时序的行为，就必须立即发现，审判必须终止。我们发现，时间违规在所有个体中都会引发大的瞳孔反应，这表明预测和外部感觉输入之间的比较是在网上完成的，并且对所有个体都同样有效。然而，并不是所有的个体在检测到违规后都终止了试验。结果表明，反应充分的高效个体比低效个体有更大的瞳孔反应，这表明他们投入了更多的认知资源。根据行为绩效理论和冲突监控理论对研究结果进行了讨论。(C)2010爱思唯尔B V.保留所有权利。
Scripts of familiar activities store the temporal order of events. This enables us to generate predictions about which event will follow another. When an event does not unfold in the chronological order, a mismatch arises between the predictions and the external sensory input which is perceived as a conflict. The detection of this mismatch is accomplished by a comparison mechanism (Zacks et al, 2007; Barsalou, 2009). We have applied pupillometry to investigate the nature of this comparison process. We further tested for individual differences in the efficiency of the mismatch detection. Participants were presented the title of an event sequence to trigger predictions about the order in which events would unfold. Subsequently, three script events were presented one at a time. The events either unfolded in the correct chronological order or included temporal violations at different points within the event triplet. Violations of the temporal order had to be detected As soon as it was detected, the trial had to be terminated. We found that a temporal violation elicited a large pupillary response in all individuals indicating that the comparison between the predictions and the external sensory input was accomplished online and worked equally well for all individuals However, not all individuals terminated the trial after having detected the violation Results showed that efficient individuals who responded adequately had a greater pupillary response than inefficient individuals suggesting that they invested more cognitive resources. The results are discussed in light of theories of behavioral performance and conflict-monitoring. (C) 2010 Elsevier B V. All rights reserved.