Survival and emergence of immature Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in market-gardener wells in Dakar, Senegal
Survival and emergence of immature Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in market-gardener wells in Dakar, Senegal
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DOI：
10.1051/parasite/1999062179
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Robert, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Awono-Ambéné, HP;Robert, V
阿拉伯按蚊（Anopheles arabiensis）是我国唯一的按蚊种。在达喀尔地区，市场园丁挖的威尔斯井中发现了冈比亚综合体。为了将未成熟阶段的数量和出现的成年蚊子的数量联系起来，在八个威尔斯孔中进行了种群测量，其中An. arabiensis是唯一的蚊子种类。未成熟阶段的平均密度测量使用两种采样方法，浸渍与托盘通过给予50个浸渍在每孔中，和样方与火焰在2或3米（2）在每孔中。采用完全覆盖各威尔斯井的诱蚊网收集成虫，获得羽化成虫绝对数，浸渍法比样方法更快速、更易操作。幼虫在第一至第四阶段的密度估计没有显着不同，使用浸渍或样方法。在威尔斯井上放置蚊帐可显著提高成蚊羽化率，因此仅在挂网后的第一天才能对羽化的成蚊进行测量。每个孔中未成熟阶段的总数与羽化蚊子的数量显著相关。每孔平均羽化数占蚊幼虫总数的5%，幼虫Ⅰ ~ Ⅳ期和蛹期的虫态分布分别为29%、28%、22%、16%和5%（合计= 100%）。考虑到各幼蚊期的平均历期和日羽化数，从幼虫孵化（不含）到羽化的存活曲线方程为：y = 427.2 - 136.8logx。因此，在未成熟阶段的平均死亡率为80%，即在20%的出现率。本研究的结果，与以前的那些，允许评估在达喀尔地区的市场园丁威尔斯井的平均生产力的疟疾媒介。
Anopheles arabiensis is the unique species of the An. gambiae complex observed in the wells dug by market-gardeners in the Dakar area. In older to relate the numbers of immature stages and emerging adults mosquitoes, population measurements were performed in eight wells in which An. arabiensis was the only mosquito species. Mean density of immature stages was measured using two sampling methods, the dipping with a tray by giving 50 dips in each well, and the quadrat with a flame on 2 or 3 m(2) in each well. The absolute number of emergent adults was obtained by collecting mosquitoes under net-trap covering entirely each wells.The dipping method was quicker and more operational than quadrat method. Density estimations of larvae at stage I to IV did not significantly differed using dipping or quadrat methods. On the contrary, pupal density was underestimated when measured by dipping.Mosquito nets placed over wells increased significantly emergence rate of adults, thus measurement of emerging mosquitoes was possible only the first day following the net putting up. The total number of immature stages in each well was significantly correlated with the number of emergent mosquitoes. The mean number of mosquitoes emerging daily from one well corresponded to 5 % of the total number of immature stages.Stage distribution for larvae I to IV and pupae, estimated by quadrat, was respectively 29 %, 28 %, 22 %, 16 % et 5 % (total = 100 %). Taking account the mean duration of various immature stages and the number of emerging mosquitoes by day, the equation of the survivorship curve from larval hatch (excluded) io emergence included was : y = 427.2 - 136.8 log x. Therefore the mean mortality at immature stages was 80% i.e, on emerging rate of 20 %.The results of this study, associated with those of previous ones, permit to evaluate the average productivity of malaria Vectors in market-gardener wells in the Dakar area.