Cryptomeria Japonica: Glacial Refugia and Late‐Glacial and Postglacial Migration
Cryptomeria Japonica: Glacial Refugia and Late‐Glacial and Postglacial Migration
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日本柳杉：冰川避难所和晚冰期和冰后迁徙
DOI：
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Tsukada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Tsukada
在末次冰期，日本柳杉在相对潮湿、凉爽的气候条件下有多个避难所。它的扩张始于15000年前分散的全冰期分布中心，在-7000-2000年前达到最大丰度。在一条沿日本西南海岸的迁徙路径上，最初是由沿海避难地向内陆山区迁移，然后向现代分布的南部边界移动；然而，该物种在九州和对马岛的到来被大大推迟了。在这里，最初的柳杉属植物可能是2500年前由史前人类从本州带来的。柳杉科植物在3000年前沿着日本海的沿海路线到达了它的北部极限。从伊豆半岛沿太平洋海岸迁移的人口直到1500年前才到达仙台。在Shikoku，柳杉林在整个冰期可能与Kii半岛上的柳杉林是连续的，但在过去的12000年里，柳杉林一直是孤立的。在柳杉到达每个地点后，柳杉的种群表现为两种方式中的一种：在湿度较低的地区，它的丰度增加缓慢，在其最大发生时几乎没有达到20%的花粉频率水平，而在湿度较大的地区（年降水量约为2000 mm），它的丰度增加到渐近线（通常为50%的化石花粉谱）。
Cryptomeria japonica had multiple refugia in Japan where relatively moist, cool cli- mates prevailed during the last glacial period. Its expansion began from scattered full-glacial centers of distribution 15 000 yr ago, reaching its maximum abundance from -7000-2000 yr ago. On one migration pathway, along the southwestern Japan Sea coast, the movement was initially from the coastal refugia to the interior mountains, and was then toward the southern limit of modern distri- bution; however, the arrival of the species was greatly delayed in Kyushu and Tsushima Islands. Here, the initial stock of Cryptomeria plants was probably brought from Honshu by prehistoric man -2500 yr ago. Cryptomeria reached its northern limit by 3000 yr ago through the coastal route along the Sea of Japan. The population which migrated from the Izu Peninsula area along the Pacific coast did not arrive in Sendai until 1500 yr ago. In Shikoku, Cryptomeria stands were probably continuous with those on the Kii Peninsula during the full-glacial period, but have been isolated for about the last 12000 yr. After its arrival at each site, a population of Cryptomeria behaved in either of two ways: in a less moist area, it increased slowly in abundance, hardly reaching the 20% pollen frequency level at its maximum occurrence, while in a humid area (>2000 mm annual precipitation) it increased logistically to an asymptote (represented by generally 50% of the fossil pollen spectra).