Variations in flight ability with sex and age in ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of south-western Moldova
Variations in flight ability with sex and age in ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of south-western Moldova
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摩尔多瓦西南部地面甲虫（鞘翅目、步甲科）飞行能力随性别和年龄的变化
DOI：
10.1078/0031-4056-00195
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Matalin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Matalin
根据对69种步甲的形态测量，估算了步甲在不同生理发育阶段的扩散能力。引入了潜在迁移者指数（Ipm）和机翼常规载荷指数（Pf）作为估算扩散可能性的定量判据。在不断的macropterous步甲，三组甲虫与不同水平的翅膀肌肉的发展进行了区分。单形大翅目（MMm）物种的特点是最高的飞行活动的两性在整个成虫阶段。虽然在许多双（多）形步甲（步甲种）中，大翅型雌性步甲在种群中所占的比例很大，但大翅型雄性步甲的翼肌发育得更好，这确保了雄性和雌性的迁移可能性相似。在多态性macropterous（MPm）和昆虫物种的种群分散主要是由teneral和未成熟的甲虫。飞行能力的最大损失发生在卵巢中有发育卵的成熟雌性。大型地面甲虫产生相对较大的卵，这些卵在一批中沉积。性腺发育后，这些物种的体重急剧增加，而翅膀肌肉下降。小型步甲的性腺逐渐发育，并持续产下相对较小的卵。这些物种的体重变化通常很小。因此，PF指数的时间变化在大型和中型步甲物种相比，小型甲虫更明显。讨论了步甲在不同地区的扩散能力。
Summary On the basis of morphometric measurements of 69 Carabidae species, the dispersal power of beetles at different stages of their physiological development was estimated. As quantitative criteria for estimation of dispersal possibilities the indices of potential migrants (Ipm) and conventional load on the wing (Pf) were introduced. Among constantly macropterous carabids, three groups of beetles with different levels of wing muscles development were distinguished. Monomorphic macropterous (MMm) species are characterized by the highest flight activity of both sexes throughout imago stage. Though in many di(poly)morphic carabids (DPM species) a proportion of macropterous females in the populations is large, the wing muscles are better developed in macropterous males, which ensures similar migration possibilities of males and females. In populations of polymorphic macropterous (MPm) and DPM species dispersion is carried out mostly by teneral and immature beetles. The maximum loss in flight ability occurs in mature females with developed eggs in ovaries. Large species of ground beetles produce relatively large eggs, which are deposited in a single batch. After the development of gonads, body mass in these species increases sharply, while wing muscles decline. In small-sized carabid species gonads develop gradually and they lay relatively small eggs continuously. The changes in body mass in these species are usually small. Therefore, the temporal changes in the Pf-index are more pronounced in large- and medium-sized carabid species compared to small-sized beetles. The dispersal power of carabid beetles in different regions is discussed.