Acetylated, propionylated or butyrylated starches raise large bowel short-chain fatty acids preferentially when fed to rats
Acetylated, propionylated or butyrylated starches raise large bowel short-chain fatty acids preferentially when fed to rats
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/133.11.3523
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Topping, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Annison, G;Illman, RJ;Topping, DL
以玉米淀粉为原料，分别用乙酸酐、丙酸酐和丁酸酐进行酰化反应，制备相应的酰化淀粉。在第一个实验中，使用取代度（DS）为0.25（即，1个酰基单位/4个葡萄糖基单位）喂养大鼠3d。在喂食丁酰化淀粉的大鼠中，盲肠和远端结肠SCFA浓度分别高出170%和78%。然而，增幅最大的是丁酸盐，相应增幅为460%和212%。随后，在较大规模上制备了取代度接近0.18的乙酰化、丙酰化和丁酰化淀粉。在喂食这些酰化淀粉或对照淀粉14天的大鼠之间，体重增加没有差异。在喂食酰化淀粉的大鼠中，整个大肠的大肠pH值显著降低，并且大肠质量显著升高。喂食对照淀粉的大鼠盲肠+远端结肠淀粉平均为12 mg，喂食乙酰化、丙酰化或丁酰化淀粉的大鼠分别为103、134和135 mg（合并SEM = 6）。在喂食三种酰化淀粉的大鼠中，大肠SCFA浓度和库显著更高，并且在已酯化至淀粉的SCFA中不成比例地更高。在盲肠，乙酸，丙酸和丁酸池分别高出280，690和1060%，分别在大鼠喂食相应的酰化淀粉比那些喂食对照饮食。在远端结肠中，相应的增加分别为320、940和1370%。这些数据表明，酰化淀粉是抗性淀粉（RS）和提高大肠SCFA，显然是通过细菌释放的酯化脂肪酸和发酵的残余淀粉。
Maize starch was acylated with acetic, propionic or butyric anhydride to produce the corresponding acylated starch. In the first experiment, butyrylated starch at a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.25 (i.e., 1 acyl unit per 4 glucosyl units) was fed to rats for 3 d. Cecal and distal colonic SCFA concentrations were 170 and 78% higher, respectively, in rats fed the butyrylated starch. However, the greatest increase was in butyrate with corresponding increases of 460 and 212%. Subsequently, acetylated, propionylated or butyrylated starches with DS of similar to0.18 were prepared on a larger scale. Body weight gain did not differ between rats fed these acylated starches or a control starch for 14 d. Large bowel pH was significantly lower and digesta mass significantly higher throughout the large bowel in rats fed the acylated starches. Cecal + distal colonic starch averaged 12 mg in rats fed the control starch and 103,134 and 135 (pooled SEM = 6) mg in rats fed acetylated, propionylated or butyrylated starch, respectively. Large bowel SCFA concentrations and pools were significantly higher in rats fed the three acylated starches and were disproportionately greater in the SCFA that had been esterified to the starch. In the cecum, acetate, propionate and butyrate pools were 280, 690 and 1060% higher, respectively, in rats fed the corresponding acylated starch than in those fed the control diet. In the distal colon, the corresponding increases were 320, 940 and 1370%. These data indicate that acylated starches are resistant starch (RS) and raise large bowel SCFA, apparently through bacterial release of the esterified fatty acid and fermentation of the residual starch.