Archaeogenomic evidence reveals prehistoric matrilineal dynasty.
Archaeogenomic evidence reveals prehistoric matrilineal dynasty.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms14115
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发表时间：
2017-02-21
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Perry GH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kennett DJ;Plog S;George RJ;Culleton BJ;Watson AS;Skoglund P;Rohland N;Mallick S;Stewardson K;Kistler L;LeBlanc SA;Whiteley PM;Reich D;Perry GH
对于有书写系统的社会，世袭领导权被记录为早期政治复杂性和治理的标志之一。相比之下，尚不清楚遗传继承是否在缺乏文字的史前复杂社会的早期形成中发挥了作用。在这里，我们使用考古基因组学方法来鉴定在公元800年至1130年期间在查科峡谷持续存在的精英母系，查科峡谷是美国西南部一个庞大的史前复杂社会的中心。我们发现，在普韦布洛·博尼托(Pueblo Bonito)的精英墓穴中，有9个人拥有相同的线粒体基因组。普韦布洛博尼托是峡谷中最大的结构。对DNA保存最高的六个样本的核基因组数据的分析表明，母亲与女儿和祖母与孙子之间存在关系，这是多代母系后裔群体的证据。总而言之，这些结果证明了查科精英母系在∼330年的持久性。在没有文字系统的古代文化中，很难推断地位和等级的基础。在这里，作者分析了在查科峡谷300多年来先后埋葬的9个假定的精英个人的古代DNA，并展示了母系关系的证据。
For societies with writing systems, hereditary leadership is documented as one of the hallmarks of early political complexity and governance. In contrast, it is unknown whether hereditary succession played a role in the early formation of prehistoric complex societies that lacked writing. Here we use an archaeogenomic approach to identify an elite matriline that persisted between 800 and 1130 CE in Chaco Canyon, the centre of an expansive prehistoric complex society in the Southwestern United States. We show that nine individuals buried in an elite crypt at Pueblo Bonito, the largest structure in the canyon, have identical mitochondrial genomes. Analyses of nuclear genome data from six samples with the highest DNA preservation demonstrate mother–daughter and grandmother–grandson relationships, evidence for a multigenerational matrilineal descent group. Together, these results demonstrate the persistence of an elite matriline in Chaco for ∼330 years. In ancient cultures without a writing system, it is difficult to infer the basis of status and rank. Here the authors analyse ancient DNA from nine presumed elite individuals buried successively over a 300-year period at Chaco Canyon, and show evidence of matrilineal relationships.