Differences in research funding for women scientists: a systematic comparison of UK investments in global infectious disease research during 1997-2010
Differences in research funding for women scientists: a systematic comparison of UK investments in global infectious disease research during 1997-2010
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003362
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Atun, Rifat
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Head, Michael G.;Fitchett, Joseph R.;Atun, Rifat
目的：以前没有按性别对传染病研究资金的奖励进行系统比较。我们调查了从1997年到2010年英国所有传染病研究机构的资金奖励，跨越疾病类别和沿着研究和发展continuous.Design：Systematic comparison.Methods：数据来自1997年到2010年期间的几个来源，每个研究都分配到疾病类别;科学类型（临床前、I-III期试验、产品开发、实施研究）;资助组织类别。倍数差异和统计分析被用来比较总投资，研究数量，平均补助金和中位数补助金之间的男子和women.Results：6052研究被列入最终分析，包括4357赠款（72%）授予男子和1695赠款（28%）授予妇女，总计2.274英镑磅亿。其中，男子获得17.86亿英镑（78.5%），妇女获得4.88亿英镑（21.5%）。男性的奖金中值（179磅389; IQR 59磅146-371磅977）高于女性（125磅556; IQR 30磅982-261磅834）。在所有传染病系统中，男性主要研究者（PI）的奖励更大，但神经系统感染和性传播感染除外。1998年，妇女获得的资金占总资金的14.3%，2009年占26.8（平均21.4%），临床前研究最低，为18.2%（15.73亿英镑中的2.855亿英镑），运营研究最高，为30.9%结论：男女私人研究机构获得的资金始终存在差异：妇女获得资助的研究较少，获得的资金无论是绝对值还是相对值都较少;在大多数传染病领域，按资助者和科学类型分列，给予妇女的资金中位数较低。这些差异在14年的研究期间基本保持不变。
Objectives: There has not previously been a systematic comparison of awards for research funding in infectious diseases by sex. We investigated funding awards to UK institutions for all infectious disease research from 1997 to 2010, across disease categories and along the research and development continuum.Design: Systematic comparison.Methods: Data were obtained from several sources for awards from the period 1997 to 2010 and each study assigned to-disease categories; type of science (preclinical, phases I-III trials, product development, implementation research); categories of funding organisation. Fold differences and statistical analysis were used to compare total investment, study numbers, mean grant and median grant between men and women.Results: 6052 studies were included in the final analysis, comprising 4357 grants (72%) awarded to men and 1695 grants (28%) awarded to women, totalling 2.274 pound billion. Of this, men received 1.786 pound billion (78.5%) and women 488 pound million (21.5%). The median value of award was greater for men (179 pound 389; IQR 59 pound 146-371 pound 977) than women (125 pound 556; IQR 30 pound 982-261 pound 834). Awards were greater for male principal investigators (PIs) across all infectious disease systems, excepting neurological infections and sexually transmitted infections. The proportion of total funding awarded to women ranged from 14.3% in 1998 to 26.8% in 2009 (mean 21.4%), and was lowest for preclinical research at 18.2% (285.5 pound million of 1.573 pound billion) and highest for operational research at 30.9% (151.4 pound million of 489.7 pound million).Conclusions: There are consistent differences in funding received by men and women PIs: women have fewer funded studies and receive less funding in absolute and in relative terms; the median funding awarded to women is lower across most infectious disease areas, by funder, and type of science. These differences remain broadly unchanged over the 14-year study period.