Innovative and Conventional Valorizations of Grape Seeds from Winery By-Products as Sustainable Source of Lipophilic Antioxidants
Innovative and Conventional Valorizations of Grape Seeds from Winery By-Products as Sustainable Source of Lipophilic Antioxidants
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DOI：
10.3390/antiox9070568
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Pavlic, Branimir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dimic, Ivana;Teslic, Nemanja;Pavlic, Branimir
本研究的目的是从红色和白色葡萄籽（葡萄属viniferaL.）葡萄酒酿造过程后的副产品通过现代技术（超声辅助（UAE）、微波辅助（MAE）和超临界流体萃取（SFE））提取油脂，并与索氏提取（SE）进行比较。首先，在不同的操作条件下优化SFE：压力（250-350巴）、温度（40-60 ℃）、CO（2）流速（0.2、0.3和0.4 kg h（-1））和粒度（315-800 μ m和>800 μ m）。在最佳条件下，通过SFE实现了最高的提取率：350 bar，60 ℃，0.4 kg h（-1）。然后，将SFE与SE、UAE和MAE在油提取率方面进行比较，并分析脂肪酸组成和抗氧化能力。考虑到脂肪酸的一般分类，发现样品具有高含量的多不饱和脂肪酸，无论提取技术如何。生育酚含量显着影响所有提取方法，而阿联酋和MAE导致提取物更丰富的亲脂性抗氧化剂。总之，从油的产率和质量来看，适合工业应用的现代提取法与SE相比具有更好的性能。
The aim of this study was to valorize the oil recovery from red and white grape seeds (Vitis viniferaL.) that remains as by-product after the winemaking process. Oils were extracted by modern techniques, ultrasound assisted (UAE), microwave assisted (MAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and compared to the Soxhlet extraction (SE). Firstly, SFE was optimized at different operating conditions: pressure (250-350 bar), temperature (40-60 degrees C), CO(2)flow rate (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 kg h(-1)), and particle size (315-800 mu m and >800 mu m). The highest extraction yields were achieved by SFE at the optimal conditions: 350 bar, 60 degrees C, 0.4 kg h(-1). Afterwards, SFE was compared to SE, UAE and MAE with respect to oil extraction yields, and analyzed for fatty acid composition and antioxidant capacity. Considering the general classification of fatty acids, it was found that samples had high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, regardless of extraction technology. Tocopherol content was significantly influenced by all extraction methods, whereas UAE and MAE resulted in extracts richer with lipophilic antioxidants. In conclusion, modern extractions that are suited for industrial applications had better performance as compared to SE, as judging by the oil yield and quality.