Typhoid and Enteric Fevers in Intensive Care Unit.
Typhoid and Enteric Fevers in Intensive Care Unit.
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DOI：
10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23842
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Raha A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ray B;Raha A
伤寒和副伤寒是由伤寒沙门氏菌和副伤寒沙门氏菌引起的。它通过粪口途径传播，主要是通过水和食物的污染。发展中国家受影响最严重。从摄入有机体到出现症状需要7 - 21天，这些症状通常是发热，相对心动过缓和腹痛。肝脾肿大、肠出血和穿孔是该病不同阶段的特征。细菌侵入粘膜下层，并在派尔集合淋巴结中增殖。血培养是诊断的金标准，但很少呈阳性。氟喹诺酮类、头孢菌素类和阿奇霉素是首选抗生素。越来越多的证据表明，对所有抗生素都产生了耐药性。沙门氏菌败血症虽然不常见，但也可能发生。肠穿孔、腹膜炎和继发性脓毒症是可能需要重症监护室管理的并发症。如何引用这篇文章：雷B，拉哈A。重症监护室中的伤寒和肠热病。印度重症监护医学杂志2021;25（增刊2）：S144-S149。
Enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid)is caused by Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi. It is spread by fecal-oral route, largely through contamination of water and foodstuff. Developing countries are the worst affected. It takes 7 – 21 days from ingestion of the organism to manifestation of symptoms which are generally Fever, relative bradycardia, and pain abdomen. Hepatosplenomegaly, intestinal bleeding, and perforation are the features at various stages of the disease. The bacteria invade the submucous layer and proliferate in the Payer's patches. Blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosis but it is only rarely positive. Fluroquinolones, cephalosporins, and azithromycin are antibiotics of choice. There is increasing evidence of the development of resistance to all antibiotics. Salmonella sepsis, though uncommon, can occur. Intestinal perforation, peritonitis, and secondary sepsis are complications that may require intensive care unit management. How to cite this article: Ray B, Raha A. Typhoid and Enteric Fevers in Intensive Care Unit. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(Suppl 2):S144–S149.