THE ELECTRICAL CONSTANTS OF A CRUSTACEAN NERVE FIBRE
THE ELECTRICAL CONSTANTS OF A CRUSTACEAN NERVE FIBRE
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1946.0024
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发表时间：
1946-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
RUSHTON, WAH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HODGKIN, AL;RUSHTON, WAH
定性预测。在30微米直径的轴突上进行。从Carcinus maenas，其次是定量expts。在10个单一的75微米直径上。普通人行走腿的轴突将神经纤维视为具有导电芯、外部导电路径和具有电阻和电容的表面膜的电缆，导出方程式，其允许从极外区域中电位的扩展程度和上升速率的测量来计算膜电阻和电容、轴浆电阻和外部流体的电阻，当强度为1/3 - 1/2阈值的矩形波形电流通过神经时，在阴极或阳极与远极外点之间记录的施加电流与电压的比率，以及在两个远极电极之间的中间区域的电压梯度。稳定的极外电位随距离的增加呈指数下降，其上升和下降符合理论曲线，当氯仿破坏表面膜时，极外电位消失，表明极外电位来源于膜。轴浆的电阻率为43 ~ 84欧姆·厘米。（平均）60），或大约是海水的3倍。单位长度内、外电阻比为0.26-1.35（平均值）。0.81）。膜的计算电阻从564到7330欧姆平方变化。厘米（平均）2290）。膜容量从0.46-3.24微法/平方变化。厘米（平均）1.33），这表明要么是一个非常薄的膜或一个具有大的介电常数。膜动作电位在87-135 mV之间变化。（平均）110）。大多数的外籍人士。显示没有诱导行为的痕迹，但3个轴突与低膜电阻显示的影响，这可能是由于约0.2 H sq的诱导元素。厘米或者一个小的局部反应。间接证据表明，在活动期间，膜电阻福尔斯下降到一个低值。原文章应参考exptl。细节和数学处理。
Qualitative expts. were performed on axons of 30 micron diam. from Carcinus maenas, followed by quantitative expts. on 10 single 75 micron diam. axons from the walking legs of Homarus vulgaris. Treating the nerve fibre as a cable with a conducting core, an external conducting path and a surface membrane with resistance and capacity, equations are derived which permit the calculation of membrane resistance and capacity, axoplasm resistance, and resistance of the external fluid from measurement of the extent of spread and rate of rise of potential in the extrapolar region, ratio of applied current to voltage recorded between cathode or anode and a distant extrapolar point, and voltage gradient in the region midway between two distant electrodes when a current of rectangular wave form of strength 1/3 - 1/2 threshold is passed through the nerve. The steady extrapolar potential declined exponentially with distance, its rise and fall conformed to theoretical curves, and it disappeared when the surface membrane was destroyed by chloroform, indicating that the potential was derived from the membrane. The specific resistance of the axoplasm ranged from 43 to 84 ohm cm. (avg. 60), or roughly 3 times that of sea water. The ratio of internal to external resistance per unit length varied from 0.26-1.35 (avg. 0.81). The calculated resistance of the membrane varied from 564 to7330 ohm sq. cm. (avg. 2290). Membrane capacity varied from 0.46-3.24 microfarads/sq. cm. (avg. 1.33), suggesting either a very thin membrane or one with large dielectric constant. Membrane action potential varied from 87-135 mv.(avg. 110). Most expts. showed no trace of inductive behavior, but 3 axons with low membrane resistances showed effects which might be attributed to an inductive element of about 0.2 H sq. cm. or to a small local response. Indirect evidence indicates that the membrane resistance falls to a low value during activity. The original article should be consulted for exptl. details and mathematical treatment.