Coherent quantum depletion of an interacting atom condensate.

Coherent quantum depletion of an interacting atom condensate.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms7624
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发表时间:
2015-03-13
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Kira, M.
Kira, M.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kira, M.

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足够强的相互作用促进相干量子跃迁,尽管存在热化和损耗,这是可逆性和相关性等微妙效应的对手。在原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)中,强的原子-原子相互作用可以将原子从BEC中弹射到正常分量,产生量子耗尽而不是温度耗尽。最近的一项实验已经证实可以克服损失。在这里,我表明,它也实现了相干量子耗尽动力学在BEC扫描足够快,从弱到强的原子-原子相互作用。基本相干过程首先将正常分量激发成液态,该液态演变成球壳态,其中原子占据在有限动量处达到峰值,以保护50%的BEC原子免于湮灭。所确定的相干过程类似于超快半导体激发,将BEC探索的范围扩展到多体非平衡研究。 为了克服损耗和热化,量子系统需要强相互作用。根据最近的实验,Mackillo Kira表明,BEC从弱相互作用到强相互作用的扫描速度足够快,表现出由粒子簇主导的相干量子耗尽动力学,类似于半导体激发。
Sufficiently strong interactions promote coherent quantum transitions in spite of thermalization and losses, which are the adversaries of delicate effects such as reversibility and correlations. In atomic Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), strong atom–atom interactions can eject atoms from the BEC to the normal component, yielding quantum depletion instead of temperature depletion. A recent experiment has already been verified to overcome losses. Here I show that it also achieves coherent quantum-depletion dynamics in a BEC swept fast enough from weak to strong atom–atom interactions. The elementary coherent process first excites the normal component into a liquid state that evolves into a spherical shell state, where the atom occupation peaks at a finite momentum to shield 50% of the BEC atoms from annihilation. The identified coherent processes resemble ultrafast semiconductor excitations expanding the scope of BEC explorations to many-body non-equilibrium studies. To overcome losses and thermalization, a quantum system requires strong interactions. Following recent experiments, Mackillo Kira shows that a BEC swept fast enough from weak to strong interactions exhibits coherent quantum-depletion dynamics dominated by particle clusters, resembling semiconductor excitations.
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