Longitudinal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Antibody Responses and Identification of Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Among Healthcare Workers Using Nucleocapsid Immunoglobulin G
Longitudinal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Antibody Responses and Identification of Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Among Healthcare Workers Using Nucleocapsid Immunoglobulin G
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiac420
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发表时间：
2022-11-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Moy, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson, Mark;Stec, Michael;Moy, James
在严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）O微米波期间，疫苗突破率增加，与以前的变体突破相比，显示出更高的刺突和核衣壳免疫球蛋白（IG）G水平。SARS-CoV-2核衣壳IgG是一种有用的标记物，用于识别接种疫苗的个体最近感染的冠状病毒疾病2019。背景对疫苗接种者进行长期研究是必要的，以了解严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）抗体的持久性，并评估加强剂量对抗体水平和感染保护的影响。在完全接种疫苗的人群中识别疫苗突破性感染对于理解疫苗有效性和SARS-CoV-2疫苗逃逸能力将是重要的。方法对1000名芝加哥医务人员进行了SARS-CoV-2刺突（S）受体结合域和核衣壳（N）免疫球蛋白（IG）G水平的纵向研究，这些医务人员均为初次感染或既往感染，然后接种疫苗。通过14个月随访S和N IgG的变化，通过N IgG水平的增加来确定疫苗突破性感染。结果SARS-CoV-2S IgG抗体水平在既往感染者和既往未感染者中均在接种疫苗后11个月内稳定下降。接种疫苗后8-11个月给予加强剂使S IgG水平比2次接种后观察到的水平增加>2倍，导致先前感染和未感染个体之间无法区分的S IgG水平。N IgG的增加确定了疫苗突破性感染，并在2021年12月开始的Omicron波期间显示突破性感染率>15%。结论这些结果证实了SARS-CoV-2抗体在疫苗接种和突破性感染后的变化，并根据N IgG增加确定了Omicron波期间高水平的疫苗突破性感染。
Vaccine breakthrough rates increased during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron waves and displayed higher spike and nucleocapsid immunoglobulin (Ig) G levels compared with breakthroughs from previous variants. SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG is a useful marker for identifying recent coronavirus disease 2019 infection in vaccinated individuals.Background Long-term studies of vaccine recipients are necessary to understand severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody durability and assess the impact of booster doses on antibody levels and protection from infection. The identification of vaccine breakthrough infections among fully vaccinated populations will be important in understanding vaccine efficacy and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine escape capacity. Methods SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) receptor-binding domain and nucleocapsid (N) immunoglobulin (Ig) G levels were measured in a longitudinal study of 1000 Chicago healthcare workers who were infection naive or previously infected and then vaccinated. Changes in S and N IgG were followed up through 14 months, and vaccine breakthrough infections were identified by increasing levels of N IgG. Results SARS-CoV-2 S IgG antibody levels among previously infected and previously noninfected individuals decreased steadily for 11 months after vaccination. Administration of a booster 8-11 months after vaccination increased S IgG levels >2-fold beyond those observed after 2 doses, resulting in S IgG levels that were indistinguishable between previously infected and uninfected individuals. Increases in N IgG identified vaccine breakthrough infections and showed >15% breakthrough infection rates during the Omicron wave starting in December 2021. Conclusions These results demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 antibody changes after vaccination and breakthrough infections and identify high levels of vaccine breakthrough infections during the Omicron wave, based on N IgG increases.