Thioalkalispira microaerophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel lithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium from a soda lake.
Thioalkalispira microaerophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel lithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium from a soda lake.
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DOI：
10.1099/00207713-52-6-2175
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发表时间：
2002-11
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
D. Sorokin;T. Tourova;T. Kolganova;K. Sjollema;J. Kuenen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Sorokin;T. Tourova;T. Kolganova;K. Sjollema;J. Kuenen
用来自苏打湖Fazda（Wadi Natrun，埃及）的沉积物接种以硫代硫酸盐作为电子供体和硝酸盐作为电子受体的厌氧富集培养基（pH 10）;从随后的富集培养物中分离出一种新菌株ALEN 1（T）。菌株ALEN 1（T）的细胞具有螺旋形态（0.3-0.45 × 1-4微米），是能动的并且具有单个极鞭毛。原生质球由细胞形成，并在培养物的长时间有氧孵育期间迅速裂解。菌株ALEN 1（T）的细胞含有膜结合的黄色色素。这种新生物的代谢是专性化能自养的，硫代硫酸盐或硫化物被用作电子供体。菌株ALEN 1（T）的洗涤细胞将硫代硫酸盐、硫化物、多硫化物和元素硫氧化成硫酸盐。最好的生长时，观察到的菌株生长在微氧条件下（1-2%的O2在气相中），而生长在完全好氧条件下被抑制。硝酸盐被还原为亚硝酸盐，而不生长的新的生物体，但其他氮氧化物不被用作电子受体。菌株ALEN 1（T）是一株嗜碱和中度嗜盐的菌株。它生长在pH 8和10.4之间（最佳pH 10左右），盐浓度在0.3和1.5 M Na+之间（最佳0-5 M）。在硫代硫酸盐限制的微氧连续培养（pH 10）中，该生物体达到最大生长速率（0.08 h（-1））。对菌株ALEN 1（T）及其近缘种的16 S rDNA序列的系统发育分析表明，该菌株在γ-变形菌门内形成了一个深分支，与任何已描述的种/属簇没有明显的联系。基于其独特的生理特性和独特的系统发育位置，提出菌株ALEN 1（T）（= DSM 14786（T）= UNICEM 212（T））代表γ-变形菌门内的新属，并提出将其命名为硫碱旋菌。建议将该新属的模式种命名为微需氧硫碱旋螺。
An anaerobic enrichment medium (pH 10) with thiosulfate as electron donor and nitrate as electron acceptor was inoculated with sediment from soda lake Fazda (Wadi Natrun, Egypt); a novel strain, ALEN 1(T), was isolated from the subsequent enrichment culture. Cells of strain ALEN 1(T) had a spiral morphology (0.3-0.45 x 1-4 microm), were motile and had a single polar flagellum. Sphaeroplasts were formed by the cells and were rapidly lysed during prolonged aerobic incubation of cultures. Cells of strain ALEN 1(T) contained a membrane-associated yellow pigment. The metabolism of this novel organism was obligately chemolithoautotrophic, and thiosulfate or sulfide were utilized as electron donors. Washed cells of strain ALEN 1(T) oxidized thiosulfate, sulfide, polysulfide and elemental sulfur to sulfate. Best growth was observed when the strain was grown under micro-oxic conditions (1-2% O2 in gas phase), whereas growth was inhibited under fully oxic conditions. Nitrate was reduced to nitrite without growth of the novel organism, but other nitrogen oxides were not utilized as electron acceptors. Strain ALEN 1(T) was alkaliphilic and moderately halophilic. It grew between pH 8 and 10.4 (optimum around pH 10) with a salt concentration of between 0.3 and 1.5 M Na+ (optimum 0-5 M). The maximum growth rate (0.08 h(-1)) of the organism was achieved in a thiosulfate-limited micro-oxic continuous culture (pH 10). Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rDNA sequences of strain ALEN 1(T) and its closest relatives demonstrated that this strain formed a deep branch within the gamma-Proteobacteria, with no obvious association to any described cluster of species/genera. On the basis of its unique physiological properties and distinct phylogenetic position, it is proposed that strain ALEN 1(T) (= DSM 14786(T) = UNICEM 212(T)) represents a novel genus within the gamma-Proteobacteria, for which the name Thioalkalispira is proposed. It is also proposed that the type species of this novel genus be named Thioalkalispira microaerophila.