Analysis of a Selective Predation Experiment
Analysis of a Selective Predation Experiment
复制标题
选择性捕食实验的分析
作者：
B. Manly;P. Miller;L. Cook
提出了一个新的选择指数α。它测量了捕食者更可能采取一种猎物而不是另一种猎物的程度，从而提供了对捕食者行为的直接估计。它不受有限总体抽样的影响，这是优于其他估计选择性的方法的优点。如果选择与猎物类型的频率无关，则α是常数。在频率依赖捕食下，α随频率变化。当两种选择一起作用时，可以获得频率无关分量和频率相关分量的测量。分析方法已被应用到数据的行为，日本鹌鹑，Coturnix coturnix日本，提出了红色和蓝色的糕点食品在受控条件下。个体对鸟类之间的反应差异很大。尽管如此，还是表现出强烈的红色偏好，而且在10%到80%的红色频率范围内，鸟类吃的颜色超过比例。这种行为将有利于一个稳定的平衡，在一个多态性的动物猎物物种，和均匀的颜色，在可食用的水果，如果鸟类作为一个有益的媒介传播。
A new index of selection, α, is presented. It measures the degree to which a predator is more likely to take one kind of prey rather than another, and thus provides a direct estimation of predator behavior. It is unaffected by sampling in a finite population, this being the advantage over other methods of estimating selectivity. If selection is independent of the frequency of prey types, α is constant. Under frequency-dependent predation α changes with frequency. Measures of the frequency-independent and the frequency-dependent components may be obtained when both kinds of selection act together. The method of analysis has been applied to data on the behavior of Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica, presented with red and blue pastry food under controlled conditions. Variability in response between individual pairs of birds is large. A strong red preference is nevertheless exhibited, and also a distinct tendency for the birds to eat more than a proportional amount of whichever color was the most common over a range of frequencies from 10% to 80% red. Behavior of this kind would favor a stable equilibrium in a polymorphic animal prey species, and uniformity of color in edible fruits if the bird acts as a beneficial agent of dispersal.