Respect for human rights after the end of the Cold War
Respect for human rights after the end of the Cold War
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DOI：
10.1177/0022343399036005002
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Richards, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cingranelli, DL;Richards, DL
通过直接影响民主化、全球化、国内冲突和国家间冲突，冷战的结束被假设对政府尊重公民人权的倾向产生间接影响。对 73 个国家进行抽样调查的结果显示，即使在冷战结束后，酷刑、失踪和法外处决仍以大致相同的速度继续发生。然而，冷战结束后，政府对反对政治监禁权利的尊重有了显着改善。与预期相反，研究发现，减少对国家间冲突的参与或经历过国内冲突的政府却没有减少。往往会增加对反对政治监禁权利的尊重。正如假设的那样，研究发现冷战结束后变得更加民主或增加对全球经济参与的政府往往表现出对其公民不被政治监禁的权利的更高程度的尊重。然而，仔细研究非洲最近几个民主化的例子表明，冷战后民主化所带来的任何人权改善可能都是短暂的。在所审查的案例中，政府对反对政治监禁权利的尊重有所提高，这是由于“非自由”或“示威”民主国家领导人的短期操纵造成的，这些国家并不致力于民主化或促进其公民的人权。
By directly affecting democratization, globalization, domestic conflict, and interstate conflict, the end of the Cold War was hypothesized co exert an indirect effect on the propensity of governments to respect the human rights of their citizens. The findings for a sample of 73 countries showed that torture, disappearances, and extrajudicial killings continued at about the same rate even after the Cold War ended. However, after the end of the Cold War, there was significant improvement in government respect for the right against political imprisonment. Contrary to expectations, it was found that governments that decreased their involvement in interstate conflict or experienced decreased domestic conflict did not. tend to increase respect for the right against political imprisonment. As hypothesized, it was found char governments that became more democratic or increased their participation in the global economy after the end of the Cold War tended to manifest higher levels of respect for the right of their citizens not to be politically imprisoned. However, a closer look at several recent examples of democratization in Africa suggests that any human rights improvements resulting from post-Cold War democratization ion may be short-lived. In che cases examined, improved government respect for the right against political imprisonment resulted from short-term manipulations by the leaders of 'illiberal' or 'demonstration' democracies who were not committed to democratization or to the advancement of the human rights of their citizens.