REGULATION OF EXPRESSION OF STEROIDOGENIC ENZYMES IN LEYDIG-CELLS
REGULATION OF EXPRESSION OF STEROIDOGENIC ENZYMES IN LEYDIG-CELLS
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DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod52.2.217
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发表时间：
1995-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
YOUNGBLOOD, GL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PAYNE, AH;YOUNGBLOOD, GL
睾丸间质细胞是男性中唯一具有从胆固醇合成睾酮的能力的细胞。在胎儿发育期间，睾酮对男性性分化至关重要，出生后对精子发生的启动和维持以及男性第二性征的表达至关重要。睾酮的生物合成需要四种酶的活性，胆固醇侧链裂解酶（P450（sec））、3 β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶/δ（5）-δ（4）异构酶（S β HSD）、17 α-羟化酶/（C17-20）裂解酶（P450（17 α））和17-酮类固醇还原酶。这些酶的表达似乎受到不同机制的调节。最近分离的小鼠cDNA和编码这些酶的结构基因使我们能够开始在分子水平上研究它们的表达调控。本文综述了cAMP和类固醇对Leydig细胞中三种酶P450（sec），P450（17 alpha）和3 β HSD的调节，以及编码P450（sec）和P450（17 alpha）的小鼠基因启动子的表征。
The Leydig cell of the testis is the only cell in the male that has the capacity to synthesize testosterone from cholesterol. Testosterone is critical during fetal development for male sexual differentiation, and postnatally for initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis and the expression of the male secondary sex characteristics. The biosynthesis of testosterone requires the activities of four enzymes, cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (P450(sec)), 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta(5)-Delta(4) isomerase (S beta HSD), 17 alpha-hydroxylase/(C17-20) lyase (P450(17 alpha)), and 17-ketosteroid reductase. The expression of these enzymes appears to be regulated by different mechanisms. The recent isolation of the mouse cDNAs and structural genes that encode these enzymes has enabled us to begin to investigate the regulation of their expression at the molecular level. This review discusses the regulation by cAMP and steroids of three enzymes in Leydig cells, P450(sec), P450(17 alpha), and 3 beta HSD, as well as characterization of the promoters of the mouse genes that encode P450(sec) and P450(17 alpha).