High levels of dothistromin toxin produced by the forest pathogen Dothistroma pini
High levels of dothistromin toxin produced by the forest pathogen Dothistroma pini
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DOI：
10.1017/s0953756299001367
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dyer, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bradshaw, RE;Ganley, RJ;Dyer, PS
森林病原体 Dothistroma pini (Scirria pini) 感染许多松树的针叶，导致针叶损失，从而阻碍木材生长。新西兰仅存在一种 Dothistroma pini 菌株。由于新西兰超过 90% 的商业森林种植了易感物种辐射松，因此启动了一项针对辐射松品种全球多样性的研究，以评估该病原体进一步引入的威胁。英国对来自八个国家的松果蝇菌株进行了研究。尽管来自美国中部的菌株在 ITS 区域含有两个核苷酸取代，但菌株产生的 dothistromin 毒素以及核糖体 ITS 区域的 DNA 序列分析证实了它们的鉴定为 D. pini。菌落形态和生长速率各不相同，但所有形成孢子的菌株都显示出相似的广泛孢子大小。检查的形态特征不支持将菌株分为 ITS 序列所示的两组。最引人注目的是来自德国的菌株和来自美国的一些菌株在无菌培养中产生极高水平的多司罗明毒素（分别是新西兰菌株的> 500倍和> 40倍）。某些菌株产生的多西司罗明毒素的高水平引起了森林壁炉和森林工人的担忧，需要进一步评估。
The forest pathogen Dothistroma pini (Scirrhia pini) infects the needles of many pine species, causing needle loss and consequently retarded wood growth. Only one strain of Dothistroma pini is present in New Zealand. Because over 90% of commercial forests in New Zealand are planted with the susceptible species Pinus radiaia, a study of the global diversity of D. pini strains was initiated to assess the threat of further unwanted introductions of the pathogen. A collection of D. pini strains from eight countries was studied in the UK. The production of dothistromin toxin by the strains, and DNA sequence analysis of the ribosomal ITS region, confirmed their identification as D. pini, although strains from the central USA contained two nucleotide substitutions in the ITS region. Colony morphologies and growth rates were diverse, but all strains which sporulated showed a similar wide range of spore size. The morphological features examined did not support separation of the strains into the two groups shown by ITS sequences. Most striking was the production, in axenic culture, of extremely high levels of dothistromin toxin by strains from Germany and, to a lesser extent some from the USA(> 500 times and > 40 times as much as the New Zealand strain, respectively). The high level of production of dothistromin toxin by some strains is a concern for forest hearth as well as for forest workers and needs to be evaluated further.