Morphological Characteristics of the Gully Head in Dry-hot Valley Based on the RTK-GPS Technology
Morphological Characteristics of the Gully Head in Dry-hot Valley Based on the RTK-GPS Technology
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
L. Jiaji
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作者：
L. Jiaji
金沙江干热河谷沟壑众多，水土流失严重。开展沟头研究，尤其是其形态特征研究，是进一步研究沟蚀的前提和基础。本文利用高精度实时动态全球定位系统（RTK - GPS）对元谋干热河谷的沟谷形态进行测量，获取了36个沟头的形态参数。此外，本文还讨论了不同类型活动沟头的形态特征差异，并分别分析了集水区植被覆盖度、沟床与形态特征之间的关系。结果表明：（1）在不同活动沟头类型中，后退台阶差和沟床坡度差最为显著，可作为区分沟头活动类型的主要指标；沟岸坡度差和宽深比差较为显著，在一定程度上也可对沟头活动进行分类。（2）沟床植被覆盖度与形态参数之间存在很强的相关性，表明沟床植被覆盖度可作为形态参数的替代指标。在同一活动类型的沟头中，其后退台阶和沟床坡度与沟床植被覆盖度呈显著负相关，这表明当沟床植被覆盖度增加（或减少）时，后退台阶和沟床坡度值呈下降（或上升）趋势。（3）集水区植被覆盖度与形态参数之间的相关性不显著，表明集水区植被覆盖度对沟头的发育贡献有限。
The Dry-hot Valley of Jinsha River has lots of gullies,and it suffers serious soil erosion. To carry out the study of gully head,especially its morphological characteristics,is the premise and foundation of further study on gully erosion. In this paper,the high precision real-time kinematical GPS( RTK-GPS) was used to measure the gully morphology in Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley,and the morphological parameters of 36 gully heads were obtained.Furthermore,this paper discussed the morphological characteristic differences of different type of active gully head,and analyzed the relationship between the vegetation coverage of catchments area gully bed and morphological characteristics separately. The results showed that:( 1) Among different active gully head types,both its backward step difference and gully bed slope difference are most significant,they could be regarded as the main index of distinguishing gully head activity type; the difference of furrow bank slope and the difference of width-depth ratio are more significant,they could also attribute the gully head activity to some extent.( 2) There was a strong correlation between the gully bed vegetation coverage and the morphological parameters,indicating that the gully bed vegetation coverage could serve as the alternative indicator of morphological parameters. Among gully heads that were in the same activity type,its backward step and gully bed slope had a significant negative correlation with the gully bed vegetation coverage,indicating that when the gully bed vegetation coverage increase( or decrease),the backward step and gully bed slope values showed a decrease( or increase) trend.( 3) The correlation between catchments vegetation coverage and morphological parameters was not significant,indicating that catchments vegetation coverage made a limited contribution to the development of gully head.