Cell mechanics studied by a reconstituted model tissue
Cell mechanics studied by a reconstituted model tissue
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DOI：
10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76481-2
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Elson, EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wakatsuki, T;Kolodney, MS;Elson, EL
由细胞和细胞外基质(ECM)重建的组织模型模拟自然组织。细胞骨架和基质蛋白控制着组织所施加的力及其硬度。细胞调节细胞骨架结构，重塑细胞外基质，在组织发育和伤口愈合过程中产生力学变化。重组组织的力学性能的表征和控制是组织工程应用的关键。我们通过单轴拉伸测量对结缔组织模型--成纤维细胞填充基质(FPM)的力学特性进行了定量表征。FPM与自然组织的相似之处在于，在给定的应变下，它们的应力对应变的指数依赖性以及刚度对力的线性依赖性。小牛血清激活细胞收缩力，细胞松弛素D破坏F-肌动蛋白，产生“主动”和“被动”成分，分别强调细胞和基质的机械作用。在阈值密度以上，活性成分的应变相关应力和弹性模量与细胞密度无关。无源成分的相同数量随着细胞数量的增加而增加，这是由于细胞对基质的压缩和重组。
Tissue models reconstituted from cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) simulate natural tissues. Cytoskeletal and matrix proteins govern the force exerted by a tissue and its stiffness. Cells regulate cytoskeletal structure and remodel ECM to produce mechanical changes during tissue development and wound healing. Characterization and control of mechanical properties of reconstituted tissues are essential for tissue engineering applications. We have quantitatively characterized mechanical properties of connective tissue models, fibroblast-populated matrices (FPMs), via uniaxial stretch measurements. FPMs resemble natural tissues in their exponential dependence of stress on strain and linear dependence of stiffness on force at a given strain. Activating cellular contractile forces by calf serum and disrupting F-actin by cytochalasin D yield "active" and "passive" components, which respectively emphasize cellular and matrix mechanical contributions. The strain-dependent stress and elastic modulus of the active component were independent of cell density above a threshold density. The same quantities for the passive component increased with cell number due to compression and reorganization of the matrix by the cells.