An Electricity Price-Aware Open-Source Smart Socket for the Internet of Energy.
An Electricity Price-Aware Open-Source Smart Socket for the Internet of Energy.
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DOI：
10.3390/s17030643
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发表时间：
2017-03-21
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Castedo L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Blanco-Novoa Ó;Fernández-Caramés TM;Fraga-Lamas P;Castedo L
能源互联网（IoE）代表了一种新的模式，其中电力系统与智能设备合作，以提高能源消耗的可见性，并创建更安全，更清洁和可持续的能源系统。万物互联服务的实施涉及使用多个组件，如嵌入式系统、电力电子或传感器，这些组件是专用于发电和配电的基础设施的重要组成部分，也是最终消费者所需的组件。本文着重于后者，并提出了一个智能插座系统，收集有关能源价格的信息，并利用传感器和执行器，以优化家庭能源消耗，根据用户的喜好。具体而言，本文提供了三个主要的新贡献。首先，据我们所知，是第一个硬件原型，管理在一个实际的现实世界的情况下，从公共电力运营商获得的价格值。第二个贡献涉及基于Wi-Fi的新型无线传感器网络通信协议的定义，该协议允许创建易于部署的智能插头系统，该系统自组织和自动配置以收集感测数据，最大限度地减少用户干预。第三，它提供了一个彻底的描述设计的几个开源的智能插头系统，包括其通信架构，实现的协议，主要的传感和驱动组件和最相关的软件。此外，为了说明智能插头系统的能力，示出了执行的不同实验的结果。这些实验在现实世界的场景中评估系统的易用性，其通信范围和使用HTTPS时的性能。最后，对不同电器的经济节约进行了估计，得出的结论是，在所提出的实际情况下，智能插头系统允许某些高能耗电器每年节省近70欧元。
The Internet of Energy (IoE) represents a novel paradigm where electrical power systems work cooperatively with smart devices to increase the visibility of energy consumption and create safer, cleaner and sustainable energy systems. The implementation of IoE services involves the use of multiple components, like embedded systems, power electronics or sensors, which are an essential part of the infrastructure dedicated to the generation and distribution energy and the one required by the final consumer. This article focuses on the latter and presents a smart socket system that collects the information about energy price and makes use of sensors and actuators to optimize home energy consumption according to the user preferences. Specifically, this article provides three main novel contributions. First, what to our knowledge is the first hardware prototype that manages in a practical real-world scenario the price values obtained from a public electricity operator is presented. The second contribution is related to the definition of a novel wireless sensor network communications protocol based on Wi-Fi that allows for creating an easy-to-deploy smart plug system that self-organizes and auto-configures to collect the sensed data, minimizing user intervention. Third, it is provided a thorough description of the design of one of the few open-source smart plug systems, including its communications architecture, the protocols implemented, the main sensing and actuation components and the most relevant pieces of the software. Moreover, with the aim of illustrating the capabilities of the smart plug system, the results of different experiments performed are shown. Such experiments evaluate in real-world scenarios the system’s ease of use, its communications range and its performance when using HTTPS. Finally, the economic savings are estimated for different appliances, concluding that, in the practical situation proposed, the smart plug system allows certain energy-demanding appliances to save almost €70 per year.