Differentiating anticipatory from reactive cortisol responses to psychosocial stress
Differentiating anticipatory from reactive cortisol responses to psychosocial stress
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.11.018
复制
发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pruessner, Jens C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Engert, Veronika;Efanov, Simona I.;Pruessner, Jens C.
大多数心理社会压力研究评估了整体皮质醇反应，而没有进一步确定激素水平内的时间动态。然而，已经表明，预期皮质醇应激水平的幅度对心理健康有独特的预测价值。到目前为止，还没有“最佳实践”，在如何调查预期皮质醇应激反应已经出现。目前研究的目标是开发一种协议，允许对预期皮质醇压力水平进行敏感且易于实施的基于实验室的调查。我们最初测试了26名健康男性在特里尔社会压力测试（TSST）的预期或压力条件下，以绘制预期和反应性皮质醇释放曲线的不同时间表（研究1）。随后，我们给50名健康男性服用TSST，使皮质醇对预期和反应性应激成分的反应分离（研究2）。在这两项研究中，我们以高频率（在基线，在10分钟的预期和10分钟的急性压力期间和之后）和当前的情绪状态前和后的压力采样唾液皮质醇。我们发现预期反应率为20%和40%，预期皮质醇水平峰值在预期发作后14至20分钟之间。反应性皮质醇水平的明显变化只发生在急性应激源终止后。我们的结论是，最好的做法，以检测最大数量的预期反应者在TSST将延长预期阶段15分钟。在这样做，预期皮质醇峰值可以被捕获在一个时间点的实际压力是不受反应性皮质醇水平。总的来说，我们可以揭示预期反应者的几个特征。最重要的是，有一个积极的相关性之间的预期和反应性的压力反应。预期皮质醇和α-淀粉酶以及主观心理应激反应之间没有关联。未来的研究将不得不确定预期反应者是否在各种压力敏感参数方面存在差异，如性别，个性，心理健康或慢性压力。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Most psychosocial stress studies assess the overall cortisol response without further identifying the temporal dynamics within hormone levels. It has been shown, however, that the amplitude of anticipatory cortisol stress levels has a unique predictive value for psychological health. So far, no "best practice" in how to investigate the anticipatory cortisol stress response has emerged. The goal of the current research was to develop a protocol that would allow for a sensitive and easy-to-implement laboratory-based investigation into anticipatory cortisol stress Levels. We initially tested 26 healthy men in either an anticipation- or stress-only condition of the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to map the distinct timelines of anticipatory and reactive cortisol release profiles (study 1). Subsequently, we administered the TSST to 50 healthy men such that the cortisol responses to anticipatory and reactive stress components could be dissociated (study 2). In both studies we sampled saliva cortisol at high frequency (at baseline, during 10 min of anticipation and during and after 10 min of acute stress) and the current mood state pre- and post-stress. We found anticipatory responder rates of 20% and 40%, with peak anticipatory cortisol levels between 14 and 20 min after onset of anticipation. Visible changes in reactive cortisol levels occurred only after the termination of the acute stressor. We conclude that the best practice to detect a maximum number of anticipatory responders in the TSST would be to extend the anticipation phase to 15 min. In doing so, the anticipatory cortisol peak could be captured at a time-point of the actual stressor that is uninfluenced by reactive cortisol levels. Overall, we could reveal several features of anticipatory responders. Most importantly, there was a positive correlation between anticipatory and reactive stress responses. There was no association between anticipatory cortisol and alpha-amylase as well as subjective- psychological stress responses. Future studies will have to determine whether the anticipatory responders differ with respect to various stress-sensitive parameters like sex, personality, psychological wellbeing or chronic stress. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.