Radar interferometry offers new insights into threats to the Angkor site.
Radar interferometry offers new insights into threats to the Angkor site.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1601284
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Hang P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen F;Guo H;Ma P;Lin H;Wang C;Ishwaran N;Hang P
对吴哥遗址面临的威胁以及对其他地方世界遗产地可持续保护的影响的新见解。世界遗产的保护对各地区和国家的文化和社会可持续性至关重要。在任何特定生态系统中，对遗产地的威胁进行风险监测和预防性诊断都是一项复杂而具有挑战性的任务。利用地球观测技术的性能，我们测量了迄今为止难以察觉和知之甚少的地下水和温度变化因素对吴哥世界遗产遗址（400平方公里）的影响。提出了一种双尺度合成孔径雷达干涉测量（干涉合成孔径雷达）方法。我们描述的时空位移（毫米级精度），测量高分辨率TerraSAR/TanDEM-X卫星图像，提供一个新的解决方案，以解决目前的争议，在吴哥古迹的潜在结构性倒塌。多学科分析与退化动力学模型相结合，为引发吴哥古迹潜在衰落的原因提供了新的见解。我们的研究结果表明，在2011年至2013年期间，为住宅和旅游设施抽取地下水并没有威胁到古迹的可持续性;然而，地下水位的季节性变化和石材的热力学是可能引发和/或加剧古迹恶化的因素。这些因素放大了寺庙材料的化学风化和生物变化的已知影响。本研究报告的干涉合成孔径雷达解决方案可能对其他地方世界遗产地的古迹监测和可持续保护产生影响。
New insights into threats to the Angkor site and implications for the sustainable conservation of World Heritage sites elsewhere. The conservation of World Heritage is critical to the cultural and social sustainability of regions and nations. Risk monitoring and preventive diagnosis of threats to heritage sites in any given ecosystem are a complex and challenging task. Taking advantage of the performance of Earth Observation technologies, we measured the impacts of hitherto imperceptible and poorly understood factors of groundwater and temperature variations on the monuments in the Angkor World Heritage site (400 km2). We developed a two-scale synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) approach. We describe spatial-temporal displacements (at millimeter-level accuracy), as measured by high-resolution TerraSAR/TanDEM-X satellite images, to provide a new solution to resolve the current controversy surrounding the potential structural collapse of monuments in Angkor. Multidisciplinary analysis in conjunction with a deterioration kinetics model offers new insights into the causes that trigger the potential decline of Angkor monuments. Our results show that pumping groundwater for residential and touristic establishments did not threaten the sustainability of monuments during 2011 to 2013; however, seasonal variations of the groundwater table and the thermodynamics of stone materials are factors that could trigger and/or aggravate the deterioration of monuments. These factors amplify known impacts of chemical weathering and biological alteration of temple materials. The InSAR solution reported in this study could have implications for monitoring and sustainable conservation of monuments in World Heritage sites elsewhere.