After-school classes in Korea: effects on the demand for private tutoring and academic performance
After-school classes in Korea: effects on the demand for private tutoring and academic performance
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韩国的课外补习班：对课外补习需求和学业成绩的影响
DOI：
10.4337/9781784717575.00018
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hisam Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hisam Kim
Hisam Kim研究了课外课程对韩国学生对私人家教的需求和学习成绩的影响。自20世纪70年代以来，政府一直在推行一项政策，试图在全国范围内实现中学教育质量的平等。近几十年来，对高学业成绩和顶尖大学名额的激烈竞争催生了一个主要的私人家教行业。大约四分之三的中小学学生至少接受了一些私人辅导。经合组织在2007年估计，这类辅导的成本为GDP的2.2%，约占家庭平均收入的8.8%。获得高质量辅导的机会和支付能力因地区和收入的不同而有很大差异。为了减轻经济负担和由此导致的教育成绩差距，政府在2006年引入了课后课程计划。这些课程不仅提供学术科目，还提供艺术、体育和计算机培训等专业科目。政府补贴费用的方式是，较有特权的家庭支付的费用与私人家教的费用相比并不算高，而低收入和不那么有利的家庭则不需要支付任何费用。
Hisam Kim examines the effects of after-school classes on the demand for private tutoring and academic performance of Korean students. The government has pursued a policy since the 1970s of trying to equalize the quality of schools nationwide at the secondary level. Intense competition for high academic achievement and places in the best universities has given rise to a major private tutoring industry in recent decades. About three-quarters of all students in primary and secondary education receive at least some private tutoring. The cost of such tutoring was estimated by the OECD in 2007 at 2.2 percent of GDP, or about 8.8 percent of average family income. Access to high-quality tutoring and ability to pay greatly vary by area and by income. In an effort to reduce the financial burden and the resulting gaps in educational achievement, the government introduced the after-school class program in 2006. These classes provide not only academic subjects but also specialized subjects such as arts, sports and computer training. The government subsidizes the costs in such a way that the more-privileged families pay fees that are modest relative to the cost of private tutoring, and low-income and less-advantaged families pay nothing.