Disproportionate Exposures in Environmental Justice and Other Populations: The Importance of Outliers
Disproportionate Exposures in Environmental Justice and Other Populations: The Importance of Outliers
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2011.300121
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Gochfeld, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burger, Joanna;Gochfeld, Michael
我们研究了传统的环境正义人群和其他暴露于污染物的群体。风险评估方法可能无法确定这些人口，特别是如果他们在空间上分散，我们建议使用国家健康和营养检查调查方法，对少数群体社区进行过度抽样，并制定评估离污染源不同距离的暴露情况的方法;公布少数群体的算术和几何平均数以及全部分布情况;手段可以充分说明整个人口的特点，但不足以确定脆弱群体和亚群体。在任何分布中，超过第95百分位数的个体数量可能很小，不具有代表性，但这些离群值是需要保护的。(Am J公共卫生. 2011; 101：S53-S63。doi：10.2105/AJPH.2011.300121）
We examined traditional environmental justice populations and other groups whose exposure to contaminants is often disproportionately high. Risk assessment methods may not identify these populations, particularly if they are spatially dispersed.We suggest using a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey approach to oversample minority communities and develop methods for assessing exposure at different distances from pollution sources; publishing arithmetic and geometric means and full distributions for minority populations; and paying particular attention to high-end exposures.Means may sufficiently characterize populations as a whole but are inadequate in identifying vulnerable groups and subgroups. The number of individuals above the 95th percentile of any distribution may be small and unrepresentative, but these outliers are the ones who need to be protected. (Am J Public Health. 2011; 101:S53-S63. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300121)